How to Calculate QOS SENSING in ns3

To calculate the QoS sensing in ns3 is normally encompasses measuring how well the network helps particular Quality of Service (QoS) parameters in sensor networks, which might contain metrics like throughput, jitter, packet loss, energy consumption and delay. Given below is a step-by-step process to establish and measure QoS sensing in a sensor network scenario using ns3:

Steps to Calculate QoS Sensing in ns3:

1. Set Up the Sensor Network Topology:
   • Define the sensor network using ns3 by setting up nodes, links, and installing required protocols. For sensor networks, we may use the LrWpan, Wifi, or Csma modules, we are mimicking depending on the type of network
2. Install Applications to Simulate Sensor Traffic:
   • Custom applications or deploy applications like UdpEchoClientServer, OnOffApplication, that simulate sensor data generation and transmission.
3. Measure QoS Parameters:
   • Latency (Delay): Evaluate the time it takes for data to travel from the sensor node to the base station or sink node.
   • Jitter: Measure the variation in latency over time.
   • Packet Loss: During transmission, estimate the percentage of data packets that are lost.
   •  Throughput: Calculate the rate at which data is successfully delivered over the network.
   • Energy Consumption: During the simulation follow the energy consumed by sensor nodes
4. Configure and Run the Simulation:
   • Set up the simulation, configure the logging and tracing mechanisms, and run the simulation to gather data for the QoS metrics.

Example Implementation for a Sensor Network Using LrWpan:

The following is an example of setting up a basic sensor network using the LrWpan module in ns3, where we can calculate the QoS sensing parameters:

#include “ns3/core-module.h”

#include “ns3/network-module.h”

#include “ns3/internet-module.h”

#include “ns3/point-to-point-module.h”

#include “ns3/lr-wpan-module.h”

#include “ns3/applications-module.h”

#include “ns3/energy-module.h”

using namespace ns3;

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {

// Create sensor nodes

NodeContainer nodes;

nodes.Create(3); // Two sensor nodes and one sink

// Set up the LrWpan network

LrWpanHelper lrWpan;

NetDeviceContainer devices = lrWpan.Install(nodes);

lrWpan.AssociateToPan(devices, 0);

// Install Internet stack on nodes

InternetStackHelper internet;

internet.Install(nodes);

// Assign IP addresses

Ipv4AddressHelper ipv4;

ipv4.SetBase(“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = ipv4.Assign(devices);

// Set up the UDP echo server on the sink node

UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer(9);

ApplicationContainer serverApps = echoServer.Install(nodes.Get(2)); // Sink node

serverApps.Start(Seconds(1.0));

serverApps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

// Set up the UDP echo client on the sensor nodes

UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient(interfaces.GetAddress(2), 9);

echoClient.SetAttribute(“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue(100));

echoClient.SetAttribute(“Interval”, TimeValue(Seconds(1.0)));

echoClient.SetAttribute(“PacketSize”, UintegerValue(50));

ApplicationContainer clientApps = echoClient.Install(nodes.Get(0)); // Sensor node 1

clientApps.Start(Seconds(2.0));

clientApps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

clientApps = echoClient.Install(nodes.Get(1)); // Sensor node 2

clientApps.Start(Seconds(2.0));

clientApps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

// Enable tracing for QoS metrics

AsciiTraceHelper ascii;

lrWpan.EnableAsciiAll(ascii.CreateFileStream(“qos_sensing.tr”));

// Enable energy model for sensor nodes

BasicEnergySourceHelper basicSourceHelper;

basicSourceHelper.Set(“BasicEnergySourceInitialEnergyJ”, DoubleValue(1.0));

EnergySourceContainer sources = basicSourceHelper.Install(nodes);

// Install energy harvester

LrWpanRadioEnergyModelHelper radioEnergyHelper;

DeviceEnergyModelContainer deviceModels = radioEnergyHelper.Install(devices, sources);

// Run the simulation

Simulator::Run();

// Retrieve and print QoS metrics

// Packet loss

uint32_t packetsSent = echoClient.Get(0)->GetObject<UdpEchoClient>()->GetSent();

uint32_t packetsReceived = echoServer.Get(0)->GetObject<UdpEchoServer>()->GetReceived();

double packetLoss = (packetsSent – packetsReceived) / (double)packetsSent * 100;

std::cout << “Packet Loss: ” << packetLoss << “%” << std::endl;

// Energy consumption

double energyConsumed = sources.Get(0)->GetRemainingEnergy();

std::cout << “Energy Consumed by Sensor Node 1: ” << (1.0 – energyConsumed) << ” J” << std::endl;

Simulator::Destroy();

return 0;

}

Measuring and Interpreting QoS Sensing Metrics:

• Latency (Delay): Calculate the round-trip time of packets received by UdpEchoServer and sent by UdpEchoClient.
• Jitter: Evaluate the difference in delay for successive packets.
• Packet Loss: Verify the percentage of lost packets by comparing the number of received packets with the number of sent packets.
• Throughput: Determine the rate of successful packet delivery over the simulation duration.
• Energy Consumption: Follow the staying energy in sensor nodes to calculate energy efficiency.

Throughout this paper, we see sensor traffic, QoS parameter, modules like jitter, latency, packet loss, throughput, and energy consumption is helps to execute QOS sensing in the tool ns3. We will provide extra information’s about QOS Sensing related to your projects share with us all your research issues we will guide you more.