To implement 4D wireless sensor modeling in ns3, we need to follow several steps. The 3D spatial configuration of the sensor nodes can be achieved by adding a temporal dimension. In a three-dimensional space it not only considers the position of nodes but also involves in their changes over time.
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Below given example will guide on how to implement 4D Wireless sensor modeling in ns3.
Step-by-step to implement in ns3
Step 1: Set Up the ns3 Environment
- Install ns-3: Make sure that ns3 is installed on the system
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ns3
Create a New ns-3 Project: Create a directory for the new project within the ns3 workspace.
cd ns-3
mkdir scratch/4d-wireless-sensor-modeling
Step 2: Define the 4D Mobility Model
- Create a New Simulation Script: Create a new script in the scratch directory to implement the simulation scenario.
// 4d-wireless-sensor-modeling.cc
#include “ns3/core-module.h”
#include “ns3/network-module.h”
#include “ns3/internet-module.h”
#include “ns3/point-to-point-module.h”
#include “ns3/applications-module.h”
#include “ns3/mobility-module.h”
#include “ns3/wifi-module.h”
using namespace ns3;
NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE(“4DWirelessSensorModeling”);
void AdjustNodePosition(Ptr<Node> node, Vector newPosition) {
Ptr<MobilityModel> mobility = node->GetObject<MobilityModel>();
mobility->SetPosition(newPosition);
NS_LOG_UNCOND(“Node ” << node->GetId() << ” moved to ” << newPosition);
}
void ScheduleNodeMovements(NodeContainer nodes) {
Simulator::Schedule(Seconds(1.0), &AdjustNodePosition, nodes.Get(0), Vector(10.0, 10.0, 10.0));
Simulator::Schedule(Seconds(2.0), &AdjustNodePosition, nodes.Get(1), Vector(20.0, 20.0, 20.0));
Simulator::Schedule(Seconds(3.0), &AdjustNodePosition, nodes.Get(2), Vector(30.0, 30.0, 30.0));
Simulator::Schedule(Seconds(4.0), &AdjustNodePosition, nodes.Get(3), Vector(40.0, 40.0, 40.0));
Simulator::Schedule(Seconds(5.0), &AdjustNodePosition, nodes.Get(4), Vector(50.0, 50.0, 50.0));
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
CommandLine cmd;
cmd.Parse(argc, argv);
NodeContainer nodes;
nodes.Create(5); // Create 5 sensor nodes
// Configure WiFi
WifiHelper wifi;
wifi.SetStandard(WIFI_PHY_STANDARD_80211b);
WifiMacHelper wifiMac;
YansWifiPhyHelper wifiPhy = YansWifiPhyHelper::Default();
YansWifiChannelHelper wifiChannel = YansWifiChannelHelper::Default();
wifiPhy.SetChannel(wifiChannel.Create());
wifiMac.SetType(“ns3::AdhocWifiMac”);
NetDeviceContainer devices = wifi.Install(wifiPhy, wifiMac, nodes);
// Set up mobility model
MobilityHelper mobility;
mobility.SetPositionAllocator(“ns3::RandomBoxPositionAllocator”,
“X”, StringValue(“ns3::UniformRandomVariable[Min=0.0|Max=100.0]”),
“Y”, StringValue(“ns3::UniformRandomVariable[Min=0.0|Max=100.0]”),
“Z”, StringValue(“ns3::UniformRandomVariable[Min=0.0|Max=100.0]”));
mobility.SetMobilityModel(“ns3::ConstantPositionMobilityModel”);
mobility.Install(nodes);
// Install the internet stack
InternetStackHelper stack;
stack.Install(nodes);
Ipv4AddressHelper address;
address.SetBase(“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);
Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign(devices);
// Schedule node movements
ScheduleNodeMovements(nodes);
// Install applications (e.g., OnOff applications)
OnOffHelper onOffHelper(“ns3::UdpSocketFactory”, Address());
onOffHelper.SetAttribute(“OnTime”, StringValue(“ns3::ConstantRandomVariable[Constant=1]”));
onOffHelper.SetAttribute(“OffTime”, StringValue(“ns3::ConstantRandomVariable[Constant=0]”));
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < nodes.GetN(); ++i) {
Ptr<Node> node = nodes.Get(i);
Ipv4Address addr = node->GetObject<Ipv4>()->GetAddress(1, 0).GetLocal();
AddressValue remoteAddress(InetSocketAddress(addr, 8080));
onOffHelper.SetAttribute(“Remote”, remoteAddress);
ApplicationContainer app = onOffHelper.Install(node);
app.Start(Seconds(1.0));
app.Stop(Seconds(10.0));
}
// Enable tracing
AsciiTraceHelper ascii;
wifiPhy.EnableAsciiAll(ascii.CreateFileStream(“4d-wireless-sensor-modeling.tr”));
wifiPhy.EnablePcapAll(“4d-wireless-sensor-modeling”);
Simulator::Stop(Seconds(10.0));
Simulator::Run();
Simulator::Destroy();
return 0;
}
Compile the Script: Compile the script using the waf build system.
./waf build
Run the Simulation: Run the simulation script and observe the results.
./waf –run scratch/4d-wireless-sensor-modeling
Step 3: Set Up the 4D Mobility Model
- Define the 3D Position Allocator: Use the RandomBoxPositionAllocator to allocate random positions in a 3D space.
mobility.SetPositionAllocator(“ns3::RandomBoxPositionAllocator”,
“X”, StringValue(“ns3::UniformRandomVariable[Min=0.0|Max=100.0]”),
“Y”, StringValue(“ns3::UniformRandomVariable[Min=0.0|Max=100.0]”),
“Z”, StringValue(“ns3::UniformRandomVariable[Min=0.0|Max=100.0]”));
Assign the Mobility Model: Use the ConstantPositionMobilityModel for static nodes or another mobility model if you want the nodes to move.
mobility.SetMobilityModel(“ns3::ConstantPositionMobilityModel”);
mobility.Install(nodes);
Step 4: Schedule Node Movements Over Time
- Define Node Movement Function: Create a function to move nodes to new positions at specific times.
void AdjustNodePosition(Ptr<Node> node, Vector newPosition) {
Ptr<MobilityModel> mobility = node->GetObject<MobilityModel>();
mobility->SetPosition(newPosition);
NS_LOG_UNCOND(“Node ” << node->GetId() << ” moved to ” << newPosition);
}
Schedule Node Movements: we need to use ns-3’s event scheduler to periodically move nodes to new positions.
void ScheduleNodeMovements(NodeContainer nodes) {
Simulator::Schedule(Seconds(1.0), &AdjustNodePosition, nodes.Get(0), Vector(10.0, 10.0, 10.0));
Simulator::Schedule(Seconds(2.0), &AdjustNodePosition, nodes.Get(1), Vector(20.0, 20.0, 20.0));
Simulator::Schedule(Seconds(3.0), &AdjustNodePosition, nodes.Get(2), Vector(30.0, 30.0, 30.0));
Simulator::Schedule(Seconds(4.0), &AdjustNodePosition, nodes.Get(3), Vector(40.0, 40.0, 40.0));
Simulator::Schedule(Seconds(5.0), &AdjustNodePosition, nodes.Get(4), Vector(50.0, 50.0, 50.0));
}
Step 5: Configure WiFi and Applications
- Configure WiFi: Set up the WiFi devices and the Ad-hoc MAC layer.
WifiHelper wifi;
wifi.SetStandard(WIFI_PHY_STANDARD_80211b);
WifiMacHelper wifiMac;
YansWifiPhyHelper wifiPhy = YansWifiPhyHelper::Default();
YansWifiChannelHelper wifiChannel = YansWifiChannelHelper::Default();
wifiPhy.SetChannel(wifiChannel.Create());
wifiMac.SetType(“ns3::AdhocWifiMac”);
NetDeviceContainer devices = wifi.Install(wifiPhy, wifiMac, nodes);
Install Internet Stack: Install the internet stack on the nodes.
InternetStackHelper stack;
stack.Install(nodes);
Ipv4AddressHelper address;
address.SetBase(“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);
Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign(devices);
Set Up Applications: Use OnOffHelper or other application helpers to generate traffic in the network.
OnOffHelper onOffHelper(“ns3::UdpSocketFactory”, Address());
onOffHelper.SetAttribute(“OnTime”, StringValue(“ns3::ConstantRandomVariable[Constant=1]”));
onOffHelper.SetAttribute(“OffTime”, StringValue(“ns3::ConstantRandomVariable[Constant=0]”));
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < nodes.GetN(); ++i) {
Ptr<Node> node = nodes.Get(i);
Ipv4Address addr = node->GetObject<Ipv4>()->GetAddress(1, 0).GetLocal();
AddressValue remoteAddress(InetSocketAddress(addr, 8080));
onOffHelper.SetAttribute(“Remote”, remoteAddress);
ApplicationContainer app = onOffHelper.Install(node);
app.Start(Seconds(1.0));
app.Stop(Seconds(10.0));
}
Step 6: Enable Tracing and Run the Simulation
- Enable Tracing: Enable tracing to collect data for analysis.
AsciiTraceHelper ascii;
wifiPhy.EnableAsciiAll(ascii.CreateFileStream(“4d-wireless-sensor-modeling.tr”));
wifiPhy.EnablePcapAll(“4d-wireless-sensor-modeling”);
Run the Simulation: Set the simulation stop time and run it.
Simulator::Stop(Seconds(10.0));
Simulator::Run();
Simulator::Destroy();
At last, we all get to know how to implement 4D Wireless sensor modeling in ns3 by using the temporal dimension in the 3D spatial configuration which considers its changes in time.