To implement network clustering in ns3, we need to set up a network topology with various nodes and implement a clustering algorithm to group nodes into clusters. Clustering can be particularly helpful in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), ad-hoc networks, and other distributed systems for improving efficiency, scalability, and manageability. Here is a complete guide to implement a simple network clustering algorithm in ns3.
Steps for implementation
Step 1: Set Up the Simulation Environment
Make sure that ns3 is installed in the computer. If not, install it.
Step 2: Create the Network Topology
Define a simple network topology using ns3 with multiple nodes.
Step 3: Define the Clustering Algorithm
Design a simple clustering algorithm where nodes can select cluster heads and form clusters. For ease, we will use a random-based clustering algorithm.
Step 4: Write the Script
Here is an example script to create and configure a network topology in ns3 with a simple clustering algorithm:
#include “ns3/core-module.h”
#include “ns3/network-module.h”
#include “ns3/internet-module.h”
#include “ns3/point-to-point-module.h”
#include “ns3/mobility-module.h”
#include “ns3/applications-module.h”
#include “ns3/flow-monitor-helper.h”
#include <vector>
using namespace ns3;
NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE (“ClusteringExample”);
// Define a Cluster Manager class to manage clusters
class ClusterManager
{
public:
ClusterManager ();
void FormClusters (NodeContainer nodes);
private:
std::vector<NodeContainer> m_clusters; // Vector of clusters
};
ClusterManager::ClusterManager ()
{
}
void
ClusterManager::FormClusters (NodeContainer nodes)
{
int clusterSize = 3; // Define the size of each cluster
int numClusters = nodes.GetN () / clusterSize;
for (int i = 0; i < numClusters; ++i)
{
NodeContainer cluster;
for (int j = 0; j < clusterSize; ++j)
{
cluster.Add (nodes.Get (i * clusterSize + j));
}
m_clusters.push_back (cluster);
NS_LOG_INFO (“Formed Cluster ” << i << ” with nodes:”);
for (uint32_t k = 0; k < cluster.GetN (); ++k)
{
NS_LOG_INFO (“Node ” << cluster.Get (k)->GetId ());
}
}
}
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
CommandLine cmd;
cmd.Parse (argc, argv);
// Create nodes
NodeContainer nodes;
nodes.Create (12); // Create 12 nodes
// Set up mobility model
MobilityHelper mobility;
mobility.SetPositionAllocator (“ns3::GridPositionAllocator”,
“MinX”, DoubleValue (0.0),
“MinY”, DoubleValue (0.0),
“DeltaX”, DoubleValue (5.0),
“DeltaY”, DoubleValue (5.0),
“GridWidth”, UintegerValue (4),
“LayoutType”, StringValue (“RowFirst”));
mobility.SetMobilityModel (“ns3::ConstantPositionMobilityModel”);
mobility.Install (nodes);
// Install the Internet stack on the nodes
InternetStackHelper stack;
stack.Install (nodes);
// Assign IP addresses to the nodes
Ipv4AddressHelper address;
address.SetBase (“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);
Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign (NetDeviceContainer ());
// Initialize Cluster Manager
ClusterManager clusterManager;
clusterManager.FormClusters (nodes);
// Set up server applications on cluster heads
uint16_t port = 9; // Port number
UdpEchoServerHelper serverHelper (port);
ApplicationContainer serverApps;
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < nodes.GetN (); i += 3)
{
serverApps.Add (serverHelper.Install (nodes.Get (i)));
}
serverApps.Start (Seconds (1.0));
serverApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));
// Set up client applications on cluster members
UdpEchoClientHelper clientHelper (Ipv4Address (“10.1.1.1”), port);
clientHelper.SetAttribute (“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue (5));
clientHelper.SetAttribute (“Interval”, TimeValue (Seconds (1.0)));
clientHelper.SetAttribute (“PacketSize”, UintegerValue (1024));
ApplicationContainer clientApps;
for (uint32_t i = 1; i < nodes.GetN (); ++i)
{
clientHelper.SetAttribute (“RemoteAddress”, AddressValue (nodes.Get (i / 3 * 3)->GetObject<Ipv4> ()->GetAddress (1, 0).GetLocal ()));
clientApps.Add (clientHelper.Install (nodes.Get (i)));
}
clientApps.Start (Seconds (2.0));
clientApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));
// Enable Flow Monitor
FlowMonitorHelper flowmon;
Ptr<FlowMonitor> monitor = flowmon.InstallAll ();
// Run simulation
Simulator::Stop (Seconds (10.0));
Simulator::Run ();
// Print statistics
monitor->CheckForLostPackets ();
Ptr<Ipv4FlowClassifier> classifier = DynamicCast<Ipv4FlowClassifier> (flowmon.GetClassifier ());
std::map<FlowId, FlowMonitor::FlowStats> stats = monitor->GetFlowStats ();
for (std::map<FlowId, FlowMonitor::FlowStats>::const_iterator i = stats.begin (); i != stats.end (); ++i)
{
Ipv4FlowClassifier::FiveTuple t = classifier->FindFlow (i->first);
std::cout << “Flow ID: ” << i->first << ” Src Addr ” << t.sourceAddress << ” Dst Addr ” << t.destinationAddress << std::endl;
std::cout << “Tx Packets = ” << i->second.txPackets << std::endl;
std::cout << “Rx Packets = ” << i->second.rxPackets << std::endl;
std::cout << “Throughput: ” << i->second.rxBytes * 8.0 / (i->second.timeLastRxPacket.GetSeconds () – i->second.timeFirstTxPacket.GetSeconds ()) / 1024 / 1024 << ” Mbps” << std::endl;
std::cout << “Delay: ” << i->second.delaySum.GetSeconds() / i->second.rxPackets << ” s” << std::endl;
std::cout << “Packet Loss Ratio: ” << (i->second.txPackets – i->second.rxPackets) / static_cast<double>(i->second.txPackets) << std::endl;
}
Simulator::Destroy ();
return 0;
}
Explanation:
- Create Nodes and Links:
- Twelve nodes are created to simulate the network.
- To position the nodes in a grid layout, use a mobility model.
- Install the Internet Stack:
- On all nodes, install the Internet stack to enable IP communication.
- Assign IP Addresses:
- Assign IP addresses to the nodes.
- Cluster Manager:
- To manage clusters, define a ClusterManager class.
- To form clusters of nodes, implement the FormClusters method. In this example, clusters of size 3 are formed.
- Set Up Applications:
- On the cluster heads (the first node in each cluster), create UDP Echo servers.
- On the cluster members (other nodes in each cluster), create UDP Echo clients to send packets to their respective cluster heads.
- Enable Flow Monitor:
- Collect performance metrics by installing Flow Monitor.
- Run Simulation:
- Run the simulation and print the statistics which was collected.
Step 4: Compile and Run the Script
Save the script as clustering-example and build the script using waf, then run the simulation.
./waf configure
./waf build
./waf –run clustering-example
Step 5: Analyze the Results
The script will output performance metrics such as the number of transmitted and received packets, delay, throughput, and packet loss ratio after running the simulation. we can further analyze this data to understand the performance of the clustering algorithm.
On the whole, we had a performance analysis on the implementation of network clustering by setting up a network topology with multiple nodes and implementing a clustering algorithm to group nodes into clusters. Also, we provide a detailed explanation on Network Clustering.
ns3simulation.com team can help you with simulating wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in ns3 to enhance efficiency, scalability, and manageability for your project. Feel free to reach out to us for further assistance with implementing Network Clustering in ns3.