How to Calculate Connectivity Robustness in ns3

Calculating connectivity robustness in ns3 involves measuring how well the network maintains its connectivity despite node failures, link failures, or other disruptions. Connectivity robustness can be described in terms of metrics like the number of connected components, average path length, or the ability of the network to maintain communication between nodes over time.

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Here is a quick guide on calculating connectivity robustness in ns3.

Steps for calculating connectivity robustness

1. Set up the simulation :

• To simulate the network, create a network topology with nodes, protocols and links configured.

2. Introduce failures :

• Simulate node or link failures in the network.

3. Trace Connectivity Metrics:

• To record relevant Connectivity Metrics, use ns3 tracing capabilities.

4. Analyze connectivity robustness :

• To determine the robustness of the network, calculate the metrics.

Example: Connectivity Robustness Calculation

Below is an example to demonstrate the process:

1. set up the simulation

Create a simple network topology with five nodes and introduce a failure to observe the impact on network connectivity.

#include “ns3/core-module.h”

#include “ns3/network-module.h”

#include “ns3/internet-module.h”

#include “ns3/point-to-point-module.h”

#include “ns3/applications-module.h”

using namespace ns3;

NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE (“ConnectivityRobustnessExample”);

void CheckConnectivity (NodeContainer nodes, Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces)

{

// Iterate through all pairs of nodes to check if they can communicate

uint32_t connectedPairs = 0;

uint32_t totalPairs = nodes.GetN() * (nodes.GetN() – 1) / 2;

for (uint32_t i = 0; i < nodes.GetN(); ++i)

{

for (uint32_t j = i + 1; j < nodes.GetN(); ++j)

{

Ptr<Node> node1 = nodes.Get(i);

Ptr<Node> node2 = nodes.Get(j);

Ipv4Address addr1 = interfaces.GetAddress(i);

Ipv4Address addr2 = interfaces.GetAddress(j);

Ipv4RoutingTableEntry entry;

bool foundRoute = node1->GetObject<Ipv4>()->GetRoutingProtocol()->RouteOutput (

Create<Packet> (), addr1, addr2, entry);

if (foundRoute)

{

connectedPairs++;

}

}

}

double connectivity = static_cast<double>(connectedPairs) / totalPairs;

std::cout << “Connectivity: ” << connectivity * 100 << “%” << std::endl;

}

int main (int argc, char *argv[])

{

// Create five nodes

NodeContainer nodes;

nodes.Create (5);

// Set up point-to-point links

PointToPointHelper pointToPoint;

pointToPoint.SetDeviceAttribute (“DataRate”, StringValue (“5Mbps”));

pointToPoint.SetChannelAttribute (“Delay”, StringValue (“2ms”));

NetDeviceContainer devices;

for (uint32_t i = 0; i < nodes.GetN() – 1; ++i)

{

NetDeviceContainer link = pointToPoint.Install (nodes.Get (i), nodes.Get (i + 1));

devices.Add (link);

}

// Install the internet stack

InternetStackHelper stack;

stack.Install (nodes);

// Assign IP addresses

Ipv4AddressHelper address;

for (uint32_t i = 0; i < nodes.GetN() – 1; ++i)

{

std::ostringstream subnet;

subnet << “10.1.” << i + 1 << “.0”;

address.SetBase (subnet.str ().c_str (), “255.255.255.0”);

address.Assign (devices.Get(i));

}

// Set up UDP echo applications

uint16_t port = 9; // well-known echo port number

UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer (port);

ApplicationContainer serverApps = echoServer.Install (nodes.Get (nodes.GetN() – 1));

serverApps.Start (Seconds (1.0));

serverApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));

UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient (address.NewAddress(), port);

echoClient.SetAttribute (“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue (10));

echoClient.SetAttribute (“Interval”, TimeValue (Seconds (1.0)));

echoClient.SetAttribute (“PacketSize”, UintegerValue (1024));

ApplicationContainer clientApps = echoClient.Install (nodes.Get (0));

clientApps.Start (Seconds (2.0));

clientApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));

// Schedule connectivity check

Simulator::Schedule (Seconds (5.0), &CheckConnectivity, nodes, address);

// Run the simulation

Simulator::Run ();

Simulator::Destroy ();

return 0;

}

2. Introduce failures

By disabling specific links or nodes, introduce failures in the network. This can be done using the SetDown method on devices or interfaces.

3. Trace connectivity metrics

The CheckConnectivity function checks if all pairs of nodes can communicate by iterating through all pairs and checking for a route between them.

4. Analyze Connectivity Robustness

By dividing the number of connected pairs by the total number of pairs, Calculate the connectivity percentage. This gives an indication of how robust the network is to failures.

Explanation

1. Set up the simulation :

To set up the network, create a network topology with nodes, protocols and links configured.

2. Introduce failures :

Modify the code to disable specific links or nodes at specific times as no explicit failures are introduced in this example.

3. Trace Connectivity Metrics:

The CheckConnectivity function checks for the existence of routes between all pairs of nodes..

4. Analyze connectivity robustness :

To measure the robustness of the network, calculate the connectivity percentage.

Overall, we had successfully calculated connectivity robustness in ns3 by measuring how well the network maintains its connectivity despite node failures, link failures, or other disruptions. Also, we provide more related information on connectivity robustness.

Drop your information with the developers at ns3simulation.com, and we will proceed with the performance analysis. This includes evaluating Connectivity Robustness in ns3simulation. Rest assured, we will deliver top-notch results and project concepts.