To Implement swarm networking in ns-3, by simulating both communication and coordination to work together as a swarm, among multiple autonomous entities (like drones or robots) steps are discussed below. Our squad is responsible for managing the implementation and conducting a comparative analysis of all Swarm Networking concepts in ns3. This also includes exchanging sensor data, coordinating movements, and executing tasks collaboratively. Here step-by-step guide given to how to implement Swarm networking in ns3.
Step-by-Step Implementation Swarm Networking in ns3
- Install ns-3
Ensure ns3 is installed on the system.
- Define the Network Topology
Define the network topology including multiple swarm nodes that will communicate with each other.
- Create Network Nodes
Create network nodes using NodeContainer.
NodeContainer swarmNodes;
swarmNodes.Create(10); // Create 10 swarm nodes
4. Set Up Network Devices
Install network devices on the nodes using appropriate network interfaces, such as WiFi for wireless communication.
WifiHelper wifi;
wifi.SetStandard(WIFI_PHY_STANDARD_80211n_5GHZ);
WifiMacHelper mac;
mac.SetType(“ns3::AdhocWifiMac”);
YansWifiPhyHelper phy = YansWifiPhyHelper::Default();
YansWifiChannelHelper channel = YansWifiChannelHelper::Default();
phy.SetChannel(channel.Create());
NetDeviceContainer swarmDevices = wifi.Install(phy, mac, swarmNodes);
5. Configure Mobility Model
Set up the mobility model for the nodes to simulate movement in the network.
MobilityHelper mobility;
mobility.SetMobilityModel(“ns3::RandomWaypointMobilityModel”,
“Speed”, StringValue(“ns3::UniformRandomVariable[Min=0.5|Max=1.5]”),
“Pause”, StringValue(“ns3::ConstantRandomVariable[Constant=0.5]”),
“PositionAllocator”, StringValue(“ns3::RandomRectanglePositionAllocator”));
mobility.Install(swarmNodes);
6. Set Up Routing Protocols
Configure routing protocols for the swarm network. A suitable routing protocol for swarm networks can be AODV, OLSR, or DSDV.
AodvHelper aodv;
InternetStackHelper internet;
internet.SetRoutingHelper(aodv);
internet.Install(swarmNodes);
7. Assign IP Addresses
Assign IP addresses to the network devices.
Ipv4AddressHelper address;
address.SetBase(“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);
Ipv4InterfaceContainer swarmInterfaces = address.Assign(swarmDevices);
8. Implement Swarm Applications
Create applications that simulate swarm networking functionalities. Below is an example of a simple application that simulates nodes exchanging status updates.
Swarm Application
class SwarmApplication : public Application {
public:
void StartApplication() override {
recvSocket = Socket::CreateSocket(GetNode(), UdpSocketFactory::GetTypeId());
recvSocket->Bind(InetSocketAddress(Ipv4Address::GetAny(), localPort));
recvSocket->SetRecvCallback(MakeCallback(&SwarmApplication::HandleRead, this));
sendSocket = Socket::CreateSocket(GetNode(), UdpSocketFactory::GetTypeId());
// Schedule the first status update
Simulator::Schedule(Seconds(1.0), &SwarmApplication::SendStatusUpdate, this);
}
void SetLocalPort(uint16_t port) {
localPort = port;
}
void SendStatusUpdate() {
std::ostringstream msg;
msg << “Status update from node ” << GetNode()->GetId();
Ptr<Packet> packet = Create<Packet>((uint8_t*) msg.str().c_str(), msg.str().size());
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < swarmInterfaces.GetN(); ++i) {
sendSocket->SendTo(packet, 0, InetSocketAddress(swarmInterfaces.GetAddress(i), localPort));
}
// Schedule the next status update
Simulator::Schedule(Seconds(1.0), &SwarmApplication::SendStatusUpdate, this);
}
void HandleRead(Ptr<Socket> socket) {
Ptr<Packet> packet;
Address from;
while ((packet = socket->RecvFrom(from))) {
std::cout << “Node ” << GetNode()->GetId() << ” received: ” << packet->GetSize() << ” bytes from ” << InetSocketAddress::ConvertFrom(from).GetIpv4() << std::endl;
}
}
private:
Ptr<Socket> recvSocket;
Ptr<Socket> sendSocket;
uint16_t localPort;
Ipv4InterfaceContainer swarmInterfaces;
};
9. Install Applications
Install the applications on the nodes.
ApplicationContainer swarmApps;
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < swarmNodes.GetN(); ++i) {
Ptr<SwarmApplication> app = CreateObject<SwarmApplication>();
app->SetLocalPort(9);
swarmNodes.Get(i)->AddApplication(app);
app->SetStartTime(Seconds(1.0));
app->SetStopTime(Seconds(20.0));
swarmApps.Add(app);
}
10. Run the Simulation
Configure the simulation runtime and execute it.
Simulator::Stop(Seconds(20.0));
Simulator::Run();
Simulator::Destroy();
Example of a Simple Swarm Networking Script
Here an example script given for implementing Swarm networking in ns-3:
#include “ns3/core-module.h”
#include “ns3/network-module.h”
#include “ns3/internet-module.h”
#include “ns3/wifi-module.h”
#include “ns3/mobility-module.h”
#include “ns3/applications-module.h”
#include “ns3/aodv-module.h”
using namespace ns3;
class SwarmApplication : public Application {
public:
void StartApplication() override {
recvSocket = Socket::CreateSocket(GetNode(), UdpSocketFactory::GetTypeId());
recvSocket->Bind(InetSocketAddress(Ipv4Address::GetAny(), localPort));
recvSocket->SetRecvCallback(MakeCallback(&SwarmApplication::HandleRead, this));
sendSocket = Socket::CreateSocket(GetNode(), UdpSocketFactory::GetTypeId());
// Schedule the first status update
Simulator::Schedule(Seconds(1.0), &SwarmApplication::SendStatusUpdate, this);
}
void SetLocalPort(uint16_t port) {
localPort = port;
}
void SetSwarmInterfaces(Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces) {
swarmInterfaces = interfaces;
}
void SendStatusUpdate() {
std::ostringstream msg;
msg << “Status update from node ” << GetNode()->GetId();
Ptr<Packet> packet = Create<Packet>((uint8_t*) msg.str().c_str(), msg.str().size());
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < swarmInterfaces.GetN(); ++i) {
if (swarmInterfaces.GetAddress(i) != GetNode()->GetObject<Ipv4>()->GetAddress(1, 0).GetLocal()) {
sendSocket->SendTo(packet, 0, InetSocketAddress(swarmInterfaces.GetAddress(i), localPort));
}
}
// Schedule the next status update
Simulator::Schedule(Seconds(1.0), &SwarmApplication::SendStatusUpdate, this);
}
void HandleRead(Ptr<Socket> socket) {
Ptr<Packet> packet;
Address from;
while ((packet = socket->RecvFrom(from))) {
std::cout << “Node ” << GetNode()->GetId() << ” received: ” << packet->GetSize() << ” bytes from ” << InetSocketAddress::ConvertFrom(from).GetIpv4() << std::endl;
}
}
private:
Ptr<Socket> recvSocket;
Ptr<Socket> sendSocket;
uint16_t localPort;
Ipv4InterfaceContainer swarmInterfaces;
};
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
NodeContainer swarmNodes;
swarmNodes.Create(10);
// WiFi setup
WifiHelper wifi;
wifi.SetStandard(WIFI_PHY_STANDARD_80211n_5GHZ);
WifiMacHelper mac;
mac.SetType(“ns3::AdhocWifiMac”);
YansWifiPhyHelper phy = YansWifiPhyHelper::Default();
YansWifiChannelHelper channel = YansWifiChannelHelper::Default();
phy.SetChannel(channel.Create());
NetDeviceContainer swarmDevices = wifi.Install(phy, mac, swarmNodes);
// Mobility setup
MobilityHelper mobility;
mobility.SetMobilityModel(“ns3::RandomWaypointMobilityModel”,
“Speed”, StringValue(“ns3::UniformRandomVariable[Min=0.5|Max=1.5]”),
“Pause”, StringValue(“ns3::ConstantRandomVariable[Constant=0.5]”),
“PositionAllocator”, StringValue(“ns3::RandomRectanglePositionAllocator”));
mobility.Install(swarmNodes);
// Internet stack and routing
AodvHelper aodv;
InternetStackHelper internet;
internet.SetRoutingHelper(aodv);
internet.Install(swarmNodes);
Ipv4AddressHelper address;
address.SetBase(“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);
Ipv4InterfaceContainer swarmInterfaces = address.Assign(swarmDevices);
// Install swarm applications
ApplicationContainer swarmApps;
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < swarmNodes.GetN(); ++i) {
Ptr<SwarmApplication> app = CreateObject<SwarmApplication>();
app->SetLocalPort(9);
app->SetSwarmInterfaces(swarmInterfaces);
swarmNodes.Get(i)->AddApplication(app);
app->SetStartTime(Seconds(1.0));
app->SetStopTime(Seconds(20.0));
swarmApps.Add(app);
}
Simulator::Stop(Seconds(20.0));
Simulator::Run();
Simulator::Destroy();
return 0;
}
Overall, the implementation of Swarm networking in ns3 is explained with example scripts which simulates the communication and coordination of multiple autonomous entities .Rely on us for a good coding on all Swarm networking in ns3 ideas.