To implement the vehicle traffic analysis in ns3 has contains to setup a network simulation that demonstrate the vehicular network scenario. This is commonly contains to describe the vehicle mobility, setup the communication among vehicles (V2V) and among vehicles and infrastructure (V2I) and gather the traffic data for evaluation. Now we are going to provide the step-by-Step procedure on how to implement the vehicle traffic analysis in ns3:
Step-by-Step Implementation:
Step 1: Setup ns3 Environment
Make certain ns3 is installed in the system.
Step 2: Include Necessary Modules
Include the necessary ns3 modules in the script:
#include “ns3/core-module.h”
#include “ns3/network-module.h”
#include “ns3/mobility-module.h”
#include “ns3/wave-module.h”
#include “ns3/internet-module.h”
#include “ns3/applications-module.h”
#include “ns3/flow-monitor-module.h”
Step 3: Create the Simulation Script
- Setup Nodes and Network:
using namespace ns3;
NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE (“VehicleTrafficAnalysis”);
void ReceivePacket (Ptr<Socket> socket)
{
Ptr<Packet> packet;
Address from;
while ((packet = socket->RecvFrom (from)))
{
NS_LOG_UNCOND (“Received one packet!”);
}
}
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
CommandLine cmd;
cmd.Parse (argc, argv);
// Create nodes
NodeContainer vehicles;
vehicles.Create (10);
// Set up WAVE (802.11p)
YansWifiPhyHelper wifiPhy = YansWifiPhyHelper::Default ();
YansWifiChannelHelper wifiChannel;
wifiChannel.SetPropagationDelay (“ns3::ConstantSpeedPropagationDelayModel”);
wifiChannel.AddPropagationLoss (“ns3::FriisPropagationLossModel”);
wifiPhy.SetChannel (wifiChannel.Create ());
NqosWaveMacHelper wifiMac = NqosWaveMacHelper::Default ();
Wifi80211pHelper wifi = Wifi80211pHelper::Default ();
NetDeviceContainer devices = wifi.Install (wifiPhy, wifiMac, vehicles);
// Set up mobility
MobilityHelper mobility;
mobility.SetPositionAllocator (“ns3::GridPositionAllocator”,
“MinX”, DoubleValue (0.0),
“MinY”, DoubleValue (0.0),
“DeltaX”, DoubleValue (5.0),
“DeltaY”, DoubleValue (10.0),
“GridWidth”, UintegerValue (5),
“LayoutType”, StringValue (“RowFirst”));
mobility.SetMobilityModel (“ns3::RandomWaypointMobilityModel”,
“Speed”, StringValue (“ns3::UniformRandomVariable[Min=10|Max=20]”),
“Pause”, StringValue (“ns3::ConstantRandomVariable[Constant=0.5]”),
“PositionAllocator”, StringValue (“ns3::GridPositionAllocator”));
mobility.Install (vehicles);
// Install Internet stack
InternetStackHelper internet;
internet.Install (vehicles);
Ipv4AddressHelper ipv4;
ipv4.SetBase (“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);
Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = ipv4.Assign (devices);
// Set up applications
TypeId tid = TypeId::LookupByName (“ns3::UdpSocketFactory”);
Ptr<Socket> recvSink = Socket::CreateSocket (vehicles.Get (1), tid);
InetSocketAddress local = InetSocketAddress (Ipv4Address::GetAny (), 80);
recvSink->Bind (local);
recvSink->SetRecvCallback (MakeCallback (&ReceivePacket));
Ptr<Socket> source = Socket::CreateSocket (vehicles.Get (0), tid);
InetSocketAddress remote = InetSocketAddress (Ipv4Address (“255.255.255.255”), 80);
source->SetAllowBroadcast (true);
source->Connect (remote);
// Set up packet transmission
Ptr<UniformRandomVariable> var = CreateObject<UniformRandomVariable> ();
Simulator::ScheduleWithContext (source->GetNode ()->GetId (), Seconds (var->GetValue (1.0, 2.0)), &GenerateTraffic, source, 1024, 100, Seconds (1.0));
// Flow monitor
FlowMonitorHelper flowmon;
Ptr<FlowMonitor> monitor = flowmon.InstallAll ();
Simulator::Stop (Seconds (10.0));
Simulator::Run ();
// Print flow monitor statistics
monitor->SerializeToXmlFile (“flowmon-results.xml”, true, true);
Simulator::Destroy ();
return 0;
}
void GenerateTraffic (Ptr<Socket> socket, uint32_t pktSize, uint32_t nPkts, Time pktInterval)
{
if (nPkts > 0)
{
socket->Send (Create<Packet> (pktSize));
Simulator::Schedule (pktInterval, &GenerateTraffic, socket, pktSize, nPkts – 1, pktInterval);
}
else
{
socket->Close ();
}
}
Run the Simulation: Compile and run your simulation script:
./waf configure
./waf build
./waf –run VehicleTrafficAnalysis
Explanation:
- Node Creation: Create nodes representing vehicles in the network.
- WAVE Setup: Configure WAVE (802.11p) for V2V communication.
- Mobility: Use the RandomWaypointMobilityModel to simulate vehicle movement.
- Internet Stack: Install the Internet stack on all vehicles.
- IP Configuration: Assign IP addresses to the vehicles.
- Applications: Use sockets to simulate communication between vehicles.
- Flow Monitor: Use the flow monitor to collect traffic data and save it to an XML file.
Step 4: Advanced Vehicle Traffic Analysis Techniques
- Dynamic Topology: Implement more realistic mobility models to simulate complex vehicle movements, such as in a city grid or highway.
mobility.SetMobilityModel (“ns3::SteadyStateRandomWaypointMobilityModel”,
“MinSpeed”, DoubleValue (10.0),
“MaxSpeed”, DoubleValue (30.0),
“Bounds”, RectangleValue (Rectangle (0, 500, 0, 500)));
mobility.Install (vehicles);
Traffic Patterns: Use different traffic patterns for generating packets, such as periodic traffic, burst traffic, or event-driven traffic.
Ptr<Socket> source = Socket::CreateSocket (vehicles.Get (0), tid);
InetSocketAddress remote = InetSocketAddress (Ipv4Address (“255.255.255.255”), 80);
source->SetAllowBroadcast (true);
source->Connect (remote);
Ptr<UniformRandomVariable> var = CreateObject<UniformRandomVariable> ();
Simulator::ScheduleWithContext (source->GetNode ()->GetId (), Seconds (var->GetValue (1.0, 2.0)), &GenerateTraffic, source, 1024, 100, Seconds (1.0));
Analysing Results: After running the simulation, use tools like Python or MATLAB to parse the flow monitor XML file and generate detailed reports and graphs. We analyse metrics such as packet loss, delay, throughput, etc.
So, we had implemented the vehicle traffic analysis in ns3 that demonstrate the vehicular network scenario like V2I and V2V environment. We plan to provide the further more information about how to analyse the vehicle traffic in other simulation scenarios.
At ns3simulation.com, our team of developers performs comparative analyses and shares various project topics related to Vehicle Traffic Analysis utilizing the ns3 program. We also offer implementation support, so feel free to reach out to us for additional benefits.