How to Calculate Network Lifetime in ns3

To calculate the network lifetime in ns3, which encompasses the wireless sensor network or other energy-constrained networks implicates to trace the energy consumption of nodes and define the time at which the first node reduces its energy. It can be successfully simulated using Energy Module in ns3. We will assist you in learning any further information regarding network lifespan.

Here are the procedures on how to calculate the network lifetime in ns3.

1. Set up Your Simulation Environment: Create a network topology; configure nodes, links, and protocols.
2. Install Energy Models: Set up energy models on the nodes to simulate energy consumption.
3. Install Applications: Set up applications on the nodes to generate and receive traffic.
4. Trace Energy Consumption: Use ns3 tracing capabilities to monitor energy levels of the nodes.
5. Calculate Network Lifetime: Determine the time at which the first node depletes its energy.

Example Implementation

Here we generate the basic network topology and provided the sample to use the wireless sensor network.

Step 1: Set Up Your Simulation Environment

#include “ns3/core-module.h”

#include “ns3/network-module.h”

#include “ns3/mobility-module.h”

#include “ns3/wifi-module.h”

#include “ns3/internet-module.h”

#include “ns3/energy-module.h”

#include “ns3/simple-device-energy-model.h”

#include “ns3/simple-energy-source.h”

#include “ns3/applications-module.h”

using namespace ns3;

NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE (“NetworkLifetimeExample”);

void CheckNodeEnergy (Ptr<Node> node, double threshold)

{

Ptr<EnergySourceContainer> sources = node->GetObject<EnergySourceContainer> ();

Ptr<EnergySource> source = sources->Get (0);

double remainingEnergy = source->GetRemainingEnergy ();

if (remainingEnergy <= threshold)

{

NS_LOG_UNCOND (“Node ” << node->GetId () << ” has depleted its energy at time ” << Simulator::Now ().GetSeconds () << ” seconds”);

Simulator::Stop ();

}

}

int main (int argc, char *argv[])

{

CommandLine cmd;

cmd.Parse (argc, argv);

// Create nodes

NodeContainer nodes;

nodes.Create (5);

// Set up Wifi

WifiHelper wifi;

wifi.SetStandard (WIFI_PHY_STANDARD_80211b);

YansWifiPhyHelper wifiPhy = YansWifiPhyHelper::Default ();

YansWifiChannelHelper wifiChannel = YansWifiChannelHelper::Default ();

wifiPhy.SetChannel (wifiChannel.Create ());

WifiMacHelper wifiMac;

wifi.SetRemoteStationManager (“ns3::AarfWifiManager”);

wifiMac.SetType (“ns3::AdhocWifiMac”);

NetDeviceContainer devices = wifi.Install (wifiPhy, wifiMac, nodes);

// Set up mobility

MobilityHelper mobility;

mobility.SetMobilityModel (“ns3::ConstantPositionMobilityModel”);

mobility.Install (nodes);

// Install internet stack

InternetStackHelper stack;

stack.Install (nodes);

// Assign IP addresses

Ipv4AddressHelper address;

address.SetBase (“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign (devices);

// Set up energy source and device energy model

BasicEnergySourceHelper basicSourceHelper;

basicSourceHelper.Set (“BasicEnergySourceInitialEnergyJ”, DoubleValue (100)); // Initial energy in Joules

EnergySourceContainer sources = basicSourceHelper.Install (nodes);

WifiRadioEnergyModelHelper radioEnergyHelper;

DeviceEnergyModelContainer deviceModels = radioEnergyHelper.Install (devices, sources);

// Install applications

UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer (9);

ApplicationContainer serverApps = echoServer.Install (nodes.Get (4));

serverApps.Start (Seconds (1.0));

serverApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));

UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient (interfaces.GetAddress (4), 9);

echoClient.SetAttribute (“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue (100));

echoClient.SetAttribute (“Interval”, TimeValue (Seconds (1.0)));

echoClient.SetAttribute (“PacketSize”, UintegerValue (1024));

ApplicationContainer clientApps = echoClient.Install (nodes.Get (0));

clientApps.Start (Seconds (2.0));

clientApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));

// Schedule energy check

double checkInterval = 0.1; // Check interval in seconds

double energyThreshold = 0.1; // Energy threshold in Joules

for (uint32_t i = 0; i < nodes.GetN (); ++i)

{

Simulator::Schedule (Seconds (checkInterval), &CheckNodeEnergy, nodes.Get (i), energyThreshold);

}

// Enable tracing

AsciiTraceHelper ascii;

wifiPhy.EnableAsciiAll (ascii.CreateFileStream (“network-lifetime.tr”));

// Run simulation

Simulator::Run ();

Simulator::Destroy ();

return 0;

}

Step 2: Install Energy Models

The BasicEnergySource and WifiRadioEnergyModel are used to simulate the energy consumption of the nodes.

Step 3: Install Applications

In this example, a UDP echo server is installed on one node, and a UDP echo client is installed on another node. The client sends packets to the server.

Step 4: Trace Energy Consumption

The CheckNodeEnergy function is used to monitor the energy level of each node. When a node’s energy falls below the threshold, the simulation is stopped, and the event is logged.

Step 5: Calculate Network Lifetime

The network lifetime is determined by the time at which the first node depletes its energy. 

Explanation

The given below is the detailed description for network lifetime process in ns3:

1. Set up Your Simulation Environment: Create a network topology with nodes and configure a wireless connection.
2. Install Energy Models: Attach energy sources and device energy models to the nodes.
3. Install Applications: Set up applications to generate and receive traffic between the nodes.
4. Trace Energy Consumption: Schedule periodic checks of the nodes’ energy levels.
5. Calculate Network Lifetime: Log the time when the first node depletes its energy and stop the simulation.

Finally, we calculate and assess the network lifespan by first building the network architecture, then simulating the node levels, and then calculating the network lifetime using the NS3 implementation tools.

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