How to Implement Network 3D Channel Modeling in ns3

To implement network 3D channel modeling in ns3, we need to follow several steps. First, accounting the three-dimensional positions of nodes can be set by creating a realistic simulation environment and the result are analyzed and the effects are reflect on wireless communication channels.

Below given step will guide on how to set-up Network 3D channel modeling in ns3.

Step-by-step guide on how to implement 3D channel model in ns3:

Step 1: Install ns3

Make sure that ns3 is installed on the system.

Step 2: Set Up the Simulation Environment

Create a new simulation script or modify an existing one. This script will define the network topology, nodes, and communication channels.

Step 3: Define Network Topology with 3D Positions

Create nodes and define their 3D positions using a mobility model that supports three-dimensional positioning.

Here’s an example of setting up a simple 3D network topology:

#include “ns3/core-module.h”

#include “ns3/network-module.h”

#include “ns3/internet-module.h”

#include “ns3/wifi-module.h”

#include “ns3/mobility-module.h”

#include “ns3/applications-module.h”

#include “ns3/flow-monitor-module.h”

using namespace ns3;

NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE (“Network3DChannelModeling”);

int main (int argc, char *argv[])

{

// Log component

LogComponentEnable (“Network3DChannelModeling”, LOG_LEVEL_INFO);

// Create nodes

NodeContainer wifiStaNodes;

wifiStaNodes.Create (10); // Example with 10 stations (STAs)

NodeContainer wifiApNode;

wifiApNode.Create (1); // Example with 1 access point (AP)

// Set up WiFi PHY and MAC

WifiHelper wifi;

wifi.SetStandard (WIFI_PHY_STANDARD_80211ac);

YansWifiPhyHelper wifiPhy = YansWifiPhyHelper::Default ();

YansWifiChannelHelper wifiChannel = YansWifiChannelHelper::Default ();

wifiPhy.SetChannel (wifiChannel.Create ());

WifiMacHelper wifiMac;

Ssid ssid = Ssid (“ns3-80211ac”);

wifiMac.SetType (“ns3::StaWifiMac”,

“Ssid”, SsidValue (ssid),

“ActiveProbing”, BooleanValue (false));

NetDeviceContainer staDevices;

staDevices = wifi.Install (wifiPhy, wifiMac, wifiStaNodes);

wifiMac.SetType (“ns3::ApWifiMac”,

“Ssid”, SsidValue (ssid));

NetDeviceContainer apDevice;

apDevice = wifi.Install (wifiPhy, wifiMac, wifiApNode);

// Set mobility model

MobilityHelper mobility;

// Set position of AP

Ptr<ListPositionAllocator> positionAlloc = CreateObject<ListPositionAllocator> ();

positionAlloc->Add (Vector (0.0, 0.0, 3.0)); // AP at (0,0,3)

mobility.SetPositionAllocator (positionAlloc);

mobility.SetMobilityModel (“ns3::ConstantPositionMobilityModel”);

mobility.Install (wifiApNode);

// Set random positions for STAs

Ptr<UniformRandomVariable> randomVar = CreateObject<UniformRandomVariable> ();

for (uint32_t i = 0; i < wifiStaNodes.GetN (); ++i)

{

Ptr<Node> staNode = wifiStaNodes.Get (i);

Ptr<MobilityModel> mob = staNode->GetObject<MobilityModel> ();

Vector position (randomVar->GetValue (0, 50), randomVar->GetValue (0, 50), randomVar->GetValue (0, 3));

mob->SetPosition (position);

}

// Install Internet stack

InternetStackHelper stack;

stack.Install (wifiApNode);

stack.Install (wifiStaNodes);

// Assign IP addresses

Ipv4AddressHelper address;

address.SetBase (“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

Ipv4InterfaceContainer staInterfaces;

staInterfaces = address.Assign (staDevices);

Ipv4InterfaceContainer apInterface;

apInterface = address.Assign (apDevice);

// Create and install applications

UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer (9);

ApplicationContainer serverApp = echoServer.Install (wifiApNode.Get (0));

serverApp.Start (Seconds (1.0));

serverApp.Stop (Seconds (10.0));

UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient (apInterface.GetAddress (0), 9);

echoClient.SetAttribute (“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue (1));

echoClient.SetAttribute (“Interval”, TimeValue (Seconds (1.0)));

echoClient.SetAttribute (“PacketSize”, UintegerValue (1024));

ApplicationContainer clientApps = echoClient.Install (wifiStaNodes);

clientApps.Start (Seconds (2.0));

clientApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));

// Set up FlowMonitor

FlowMonitorHelper flowmon;

Ptr<FlowMonitor> monitor = flowmon.InstallAll ();

// Set up the simulation

Simulator::Stop (Seconds (10.0));

Simulator::Run ();

// Print statistics

monitor->CheckForLostPackets ();

Ptr<Ipv4FlowClassifier> classifier = DynamicCast<Ipv4FlowClassifier> (flowmon.GetClassifier ());

std::map<FlowId, FlowMonitor::FlowStats> stats = monitor->GetFlowStats ();

for (std::map<FlowId, FlowMonitor::FlowStats>::const_iterator i = stats.begin (); i != stats.end (); ++i)

{

Ipv4FlowClassifier::FiveTuple t = classifier->FindFlow (i->first);

NS_LOG_UNCOND (“Flow ” << i->first << ” (” << t.sourceAddress << ” -> ” << t.destinationAddress << “)”);

NS_LOG_UNCOND (”  Tx Packets: ” << i->second.txPackets);

NS_LOG_UNCOND (”  Tx Bytes:   ” << i->second.txBytes);

NS_LOG_UNCOND (”  Rx Packets: ” << i->second.rxPackets);

NS_LOG_UNCOND (”  Rx Bytes:   ” << i->second.rxBytes);

NS_LOG_UNCOND (”  Throughput: ” << i->second.rxBytes * 8.0 / 9.0 / 1024 / 1024  << ” Mbps”);

}

Simulator::Destroy ();

return 0;

}

Step 4: Configure 3D Channel Models

To model the 3D channel effects accurately, you can configure different propagation models that account for the 3D positions of the nodes. In ns3, the Buildings module and ThreeGppPropagationLossModel can be used to simulate more realistic environments.

4.1 Enabling Buildings and Urban Environment

We can use the Buildings module to create an urban environment:

#include “ns3/buildings-module.h”

// After setting positions of nodes, add buildings

BuildingContainer buildings;

buildings.Create (10); // Create 10 buildings

for (uint32_t i = 0; i < 10; ++i)

{

Ptr<Building> building = buildings.Get (i);

building->SetBoundaries (Box (i * 10, (i + 1) * 10, i * 10, (i + 1) * 10, 0, 10));

}

4.2 Configuring the 3GPP Propagation Loss Model

We can use the ThreeGppPropagationLossModel for more realistic 3D channel modeling:

#include “ns3/three-gpp-propagation-loss-model.h”

Ptr<ThreeGppPropagationLossModel> lossModel = CreateObject<ThreeGppPropagationLossModel> ();

lossModel->SetAttribute (“Scenario”, EnumValue (ThreeGppPropagationLossModel::UMa)); // Urban Macrocell

lossModel->SetAttribute (“Frequency”, DoubleValue (2e9)); // 2 GHz frequency

wifiChannel.AddPropagationLoss (lossModel);

Step 5: Run the Simulation

Compile and run the simulation script to see the effect of the 3D channel model on network performance.

From the above given steps and example we had concluded that Network 3D channel modeling can be implemented in ns3 by  configuring 3D channel models and the 3GPP propagation loss model and last running the simulation to analyse the results.

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