How to Calculate Network Authorization in ns3

To calculate the network authorization in ns3, that need to simulate the where access to network resources is controlled based on predefined authorization rules. Basically it is concentrated to make certain only permits the authorized users or devices that can access the particular services or data. Here we provide the procedures on how to simulate and track the impact of network authorization in ns3:

Steps to Simulate and Calculate Network Authorization in ns3

1. Set Up the ns3 Environment:
   • Make sure ns3 is installed in the computer.
2. Define the Network Topology:
   • Create a network topology with nodes representing clients, servers, and possibly intermediary authorization points (e.g., firewalls or routers).
3. Implement Authorization Rules:
   • Configure rules to allow or deny access based on criteria such as IP addresses, MAC addresses, or specific user credentials.
4. Install Applications:
   • Install traffic-generating applications on the nodes to simulate authorized and unauthorized network traffic.
5. Monitor Performance Metrics:
   • Use trace sources or callbacks to monitor performance metrics such as access success rate, throughput, latency, and packet loss.
6. Analyze Authorization Performance:
   • Calculate and log the performance metrics to evaluate the effectiveness of the network authorization rules.

Example Code

The given below is the sample setup to build a ns3 simulation to estimate the performance of network authorization. It uses for IP address based authorization to control access to a server.

#include “ns3/core-module.h”

#include “ns3/network-module.h”

#include “ns3/internet-module.h”

#include “ns3/point-to-point-module.h”

#include “ns3/applications-module.h”

#include “ns3/flow-monitor-module.h”

using namespace ns3;

NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE (“NetworkAuthorizationExample”);

void PacketFilter(Ptr<const Packet> packet, Ptr<Ipv4> ipv4, uint32_t interface)

{

Ipv4Header ipv4Header;

packet->PeekHeader(ipv4Header);

Ipv4Address srcAddr = ipv4Header.GetSource();

Ipv4Address dstAddr = ipv4Header.GetDestination();

// Example authorization rule: Allow packets only from a specific IP address

if (srcAddr != Ipv4Address(“10.1.1.1”))

{

NS_LOG_UNCOND(“Unauthorized access attempt from ” << srcAddr << ” to ” << dstAddr << ” dropped”);

ipv4->Drop(packet, Ipv4L3Protocol::DROP_AUTH);

}

}

Void CalculateAuthorizationPerformance(Ptr<FlowMonitor>flowMonitor,FlowMonitorHelper &flowHelper)

{ Ptr<Ipv4FlowClassifier>classifier=DynamicCast<Ipv4FlowClassifier>(flowHelper.GetClassifier());

std::map<FlowId, FlowMonitor::FlowStats> stats = flowMonitor->GetFlowStats();

double totalThroughput = 0.0;

double totalLatency = 0.0;

uint32_t totalPackets = 0;

uint32_t lostPackets = 0;

uint32_t authorizedPackets = 0;

uint32_t unauthorizedPackets = 0;

for (auto it = stats.begin(); it != stats.end(); ++it)

{

Ipv4FlowClassifier::FiveTuple t = classifier->FindFlow(it->first);

double throughput = it->second.rxBytes * 8.0 / (it->second.timeLastRxPacket.GetSeconds() – it->second.timeFirstTxPacket.GetSeconds()) / 1024; // kbps

double latency = it->second.delaySum.GetSeconds() / it->second.rxPackets * 1000; // ms

uint32_t packets = it->second.rxPackets + it->second.lostPackets;

totalThroughput += throughput;

totalLatency += latency;

totalPackets += packets;

lostPackets += it->second.lostPackets;

if (t.sourceAddress == Ipv4Address(“10.1.1.1”))

{

authorizedPackets += it->second.rxPackets;

}

else

{

unauthorizedPackets += it->second.rxPackets;

}

}

double averageLatency = totalPackets > 0 ? totalLatency / stats.size() : 0;

double packetLoss = totalPackets > 0 ? (static_cast<double>(lostPackets) / totalPackets) * 100 : 0;

double authSuccessRate = totalPackets > 0 ? (static_cast<double>(authorizedPackets) / totalPackets) * 100 : 0;

double unauthAccessRate = totalPackets > 0 ? (static_cast<double>(unauthorizedPackets) / totalPackets) * 100 : 0;

NS_LOG_UNCOND(“Total Throughput: ” << totalThroughput << ” kbps”);

NS_LOG_UNCOND(“Average Latency: ” << averageLatency << ” ms”);

NS_LOG_UNCOND(“Packet Loss: ” << packetLoss << ” %”);

NS_LOG_UNCOND(“Authorized Access Success Rate: ” << authSuccessRate << ” %”);

NS_LOG_UNCOND(“Unauthorized Access Rate: ” << unauthAccessRate << ” %”);

}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])

{

CommandLine cmd;

cmd.Parse(argc, argv);

Time::SetResolution(Time::NS);

// Create nodes

NodeContainer nodes;

nodes.Create(4); // Client 1, Client 2, Router, Server

// Create point-to-point links

PointToPointHelper pointToPoint;

pointToPoint.SetDeviceAttribute(“DataRate”, StringValue(“10Mbps”));

pointToPoint.SetChannelAttribute(“Delay”, StringValue(“2ms”));

NetDeviceContainer devices01 = pointToPoint.Install(NodeContainer(nodes.Get(0), nodes.Get(2)));

NetDeviceContainer devices02 = pointToPoint.Install(NodeContainer(nodes.Get(1), nodes.Get(2)));

NetDeviceContainer devices12 = pointToPoint.Install(NodeContainer(nodes.Get(2), nodes.Get(3)));

// Install the internet stack on nodes

InternetStackHelper stack;

stack.Install(nodes);

// Assign IP addresses to the devices

Ipv4AddressHelper address;

address.SetBase(“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces01 = address.Assign(devices01);

address.SetBase(“10.1.2.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces02 = address.Assign(devices02);

address.SetBase(“10.1.3.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces12 = address.Assign(devices12);

// Enable routing

Ipv4GlobalRoutingHelper::PopulateRoutingTables();

// Create UDP server on node 3 (Server)

UdpServerHelper server(9);

ApplicationContainer serverApp = server.Install(nodes.Get(3));

serverApp.Start(Seconds(1.0));

serverApp.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

// Create UDP client on node 0 (Authorized Client)

UdpClientHelper clientAuth(interfaces12.GetAddress(1), 9);

clientAuth.SetAttribute(“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue(320));

clientAuth.SetAttribute(“Interval”, TimeValue(MilliSeconds(10)));

clientAuth.SetAttribute(“PacketSize”, UintegerValue(1024));

ApplicationContainer clientAppAuth = clientAuth.Install(nodes.Get(0));

clientAppAuth.Start(Seconds(2.0));

clientAppAuth.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

// Create UDP client on node 1 (Unauthorized Client)

UdpClientHelper clientUnauth(interfaces12.GetAddress(1), 9);

clientUnauth.SetAttribute(“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue(320));

clientUnauth.SetAttribute(“Interval”, TimeValue(MilliSeconds(10)));

clientUnauth.SetAttribute(“PacketSize”, UintegerValue(1024));

ApplicationContainer clientAppUnauth = clientUnauth.Install(nodes.Get(1));

clientAppUnauth.Start(Seconds(2.0));

clientAppUnauth.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

// Configure packet filter on the router (node 2)

Ptr<Ipv4> ipv4 = nodes.Get(2)->GetObject<Ipv4>();

ipv4->TraceConnectWithoutContext(“Rx”, MakeCallback(&PacketFilter));

// Install flow monitor to capture performance metrics

FlowMonitorHelper flowHelper;

Ptr<FlowMonitor> flowMonitor = flowHelper.InstallAll();

Simulator::Stop(Seconds(11.0));

Simulator::Run();

CalculateAuthorizationPerformance(flowMonitor, flowHelper);

Simulator::Destroy();

return 0;

}

Explanation

1. Setup: The code sets up a simple network topology with four nodes: an authorized client, an unauthorized client, a router (policy enforcement point), and a server.
2. Internet Stack and Routing: The internet stack is installed on all nodes, and global routing is enabled.
3. Applications: A UDP server is installed on the server node (node 3). Two UDP clients are installed: one on the authorized client node (node 0) and one on the unauthorized client node (node 1).
4. Policy Configuration: A packet filter is configured on the router node (node 2) to drop packets from unauthorized IP addresses.
5. Flow Monitor: The FlowMonitor is used to gather performance metrics like throughput, latency, and packet loss.
6. CalculateAuthorizationPerformance Function: This function calculates the total throughput, average latency, packet loss, authorized access success rate, and unauthorized access rate. It logs these metrics to evaluate the performance impact of network authorization.

Running the Simulation

Compile and run the simulation using the following commands in your ns3 environment:

./waf configure

./waf build

./waf –run your-script-name

Replace your-script-name with the actual name of your script file.

Network authorization is controlled based on predefined authorization rules and uses IP address based authorization to control access to a server that are executed and estimated in ns3.further additional details regarding the implementation of network authorization in different simulation will be provided.

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