How to implement Ad Hoc Networks in NS3

To implement Ad Hoc Networks in ns-3 it consists of setup networks where nodes can interact directly with each other without depend on central infrastructure. Here is the procedure to setup a basic Ad hoc network environment in ns-3 using the WiFi and an ad hoc routing protocol like AODV.If you are looking for ad hoc routing protocol guidance contact us.

Step-by-Step Guide to Implement Ad Hoc Networks in ns-3

1. Set Up Your Development Environment

1. Install ns-3:
   • Follow the official ns-3 installation guide.
2. Install Required Modules:
   • Ensure you have all necessary ns-3 modules installed, such as Internet, Mobility, and WiFi modules.

2. Create a Basic Ad Hoc Network Simulation Script

The given below are the sample script to setup a basic Ad Hoc network environment using ns-3

#include “ns3/core-module.h”

#include “ns3/network-module.h”

#include “ns3/internet-module.h”

#include “ns3/wifi-module.h”

#include “ns3/mobility-module.h”

#include “ns3/applications-module.h”

#include “ns3/aodv-module.h”

using namespace ns3;

NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE (“AdHocNetworkExample”);

int main (int argc, char *argv[])

{

  // Set simulation parameters

  uint32_t numNodes = 10;

  double simTime = 20.0; // Simulation time in seconds

  CommandLine cmd;

  cmd.AddValue(“numNodes”, “Number of nodes”, numNodes);

  cmd.AddValue(“simTime”, “Simulation time”, simTime);

  cmd.Parse(argc, argv);

  // Create nodes

  NodeContainer nodes;

  nodes.Create(numNodes);

  // Set up WiFi

  WifiHelper wifi;

  wifi.SetStandard(WIFI_PHY_STANDARD_80211b);

  YansWifiPhyHelper wifiPhy = YansWifiPhyHelper::Default();

  YansWifiChannelHelper wifiChannel = YansWifiChannelHelper::Default();

  wifiPhy.SetChannel(wifiChannel.Create());

  WifiMacHelper wifiMac;

  wifiMac.SetType(“ns3::AdhocWifiMac”);

  NetDeviceContainer devices = wifi.Install(wifiPhy, wifiMac, nodes);

  // Install the Internet stack on nodes

  InternetStackHelper internet;

  AodvHelper aodv;

  internet.SetRoutingHelper(aodv);

  internet.Install(nodes);

  // Assign IP addresses to devices

  Ipv4AddressHelper ipv4;

  ipv4.SetBase(“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

  Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = ipv4.Assign(devices);

  // Set up mobility

  MobilityHelper mobility;

  mobility.SetPositionAllocator(“ns3::RandomRectanglePositionAllocator”,

                                “X”, StringValue(“ns3::UniformRandomVariable[Min=0.0|Max=100.0]”),

                                “Y”, StringValue(“ns3::UniformRandomVariable[Min=0.0|Max=100.0]”));

  mobility.SetMobilityModel(“ns3::RandomWaypointMobilityModel”,

                            “Speed”, StringValue(“ns3::UniformRandomVariable[Min=1.0|Max=10.0]”),

                            “Pause”, StringValue(“ns3::ConstantRandomVariable[Constant=2.0]”),

                            “PositionAllocator”, StringValue(“ns3::RandomRectanglePositionAllocator”));

  mobility.Install(nodes);

  // Install applications (e.g., UDP echo)

  uint16_t port = 9;

  UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer(port);

  ApplicationContainer serverApps = echoServer.Install(nodes.Get(0));

  serverApps.Start(Seconds(1.0));

  serverApps.Stop(Seconds(simTime));

  UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient(interfaces.GetAddress(0), port);

  echoClient.SetAttribute(“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue(320));

  echoClient.SetAttribute(“Interval”, TimeValue(Seconds(1.0)));

  echoClient.SetAttribute(“PacketSize”, UintegerValue(1024));

  ApplicationContainer clientApps;

  for (uint32_t i = 1; i < numNodes; ++i) {

    clientApps.Add(echoClient.Install(nodes.Get(i)));

  }

  clientApps.Start(Seconds(2.0));

  clientApps.Stop(Seconds(simTime));

  // Enable tracing

  wifiPhy.EnablePcap(“ad-hoc-network”, devices);

  // Run the simulation

  Simulator::Stop(Seconds(simTime));

  Simulator::Run();

  Simulator::Destroy();

  return 0;

}

Explanation of the Script

Here is the explanation for the Ad Hoc network process script

1. Include Necessary Headers:
   • Include headers for ns-3 core, network, internet, WiFi, mobility, applications, and AODV modules.
2. Set Simulation Parameters:
   • Define the number of nodes and simulation time.
3. Create Nodes:
   • Create a container for the nodes.
4. Set Up WiFi:
   • Set up WiFi using WifiHelper, YansWifiPhyHelper, and WifiMacHelper for ad-hoc communication.
5. Install Internet Stack:
   • Install the Internet stack on the nodes using InternetStackHelper. Use AodvHelper to set up AODV routing protocol.
6. Assign IP Addresses:
   • Assign IP addresses to the devices using Ipv4AddressHelper.
7. Set Up Mobility:
   • Define the positions and mobility models for the nodes using MobilityHelper. In this case, RandomWaypointMobilityModel is used to simulate nodes moving randomly.
8. Install Applications:
   • Install a UDP echo server on the first node and UDP echo clients on the remaining nodes to simulate communication.
9. Enable Tracing:
   • Enable pcap tracing to capture packet traces for analysis.
10. Run the Simulation:
    • Set the simulation stop time, run the simulation, and clean up using Simulator::Stop, Simulator::Run, and Simulator::Destroy.

Further Enhancements

Here we provide the future improvements for ad-hoc environment

1. Advanced Mobility Models:
   • Implement more realistic mobility models, such as models based on real-world movement patterns.
2. Different Routing Protocols:
   • Implement and evaluate different ad-hoc routing protocols such as DSDV, OLSR, or DSR.
3. Quality of Service (QoS):
   • Implement QoS mechanisms to prioritize critical data and ensure timely delivery.
4. Network Performance Metrics:
   • Collect and analyze performance metrics such as throughput, latency, packet delivery ratio, and energy consumption.
5. Interference Modeling:
   • Model interference and evaluate its impact on network performance, especially in densely deployed ad-hoc networks.
6. Fault Tolerance and Resilience:
   • Implement and evaluate fault tolerance mechanisms and resilience strategies for ad-hoc communication.

Finally, we have discussed and gained knowledge about ad hoc network in ns-3 environment, we support all kinds of ad hoc network environment