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How to Implement Beamforming in ns3

To implement beamform in ns3, we should simulate the use of multiple antennas for directing the transmission or reception of radio signals in a specific direction, improving communication quality and reducing interference. Here is a quick guide to implement beamform in ns3.

Steps for implementation

Step 1: Set up the simulation

Make sure that ns3 is installed in the computer. If not, install it from the official ns3 website.

Step 2: Create a New Simulation Script

In the scratch directory of our ns3, we should create a simulation script. In our example, let’s create a file named beamforming.cc.

Step 3: Include Necessary Headers

Include all the necessary ns3 headers in our script.

#include “ns3/core-module.h”

#include “ns3/network-module.h”

#include “ns3/internet-module.h”

#include “ns3/wifi-module.h”

#include “ns3/mobility-module.h”

#include “ns3/applications-module.h”

using namespace ns3;

Step 4: Define Command-Line Arguments for Parameterization

Define parameters that can be set through the command line.

int main(int argc, char *argv[])

{

uint32_t numNodes = 2;

double simTime = 10.0;

double distance = 50.0; // Distance between nodes

CommandLine cmd;

cmd.AddValue(“numNodes”, “Number of nodes”, numNodes);

cmd.AddValue(“simTime”, “Simulation time (seconds)”, simTime);

cmd.AddValue(“distance”, “Distance between nodes”, distance);

cmd.Parse(argc, argv);

NodeContainer nodes;

nodes.Create(numNodes);

YansWifiChannelHelper wifiChannel = YansWifiChannelHelper::Default();

YansWifiPhyHelper wifiPhy = YansWifiPhyHelper::Default();

wifiPhy.SetChannel(wifiChannel.Create());

WifiHelper wifi;

wifi.SetStandard(WIFI_STANDARD_80211ac);

WifiMacHelper wifiMac;

wifiMac.SetType(“ns3::AdhocWifiMac”);

NetDeviceContainer devices = wifi.Install(wifiPhy, wifiMac, nodes);

MobilityHelper mobility;

mobility.SetPositionAllocator(“ns3::GridPositionAllocator”,

“MinX”, DoubleValue(0.0),

“MinY”, DoubleValue(0.0),

“DeltaX”, DoubleValue(distance),

“DeltaY”, DoubleValue(0.0),

“GridWidth”, UintegerValue(3),

“LayoutType”, StringValue(“RowFirst”));

mobility.SetMobilityModel(“ns3::ConstantPositionMobilityModel”);

mobility.Install(nodes);

InternetStackHelper stack;

stack.Install(nodes);

Ipv4AddressHelper address;

address.SetBase(“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign(devices);

// Install applications

uint16_t port = 9;

OnOffHelper onoff(“ns3::UdpSocketFactory”, Address(InetSocketAddress(interfaces.GetAddress(numNodes-1), port)));

onoff.SetConstantRate(DataRate(“500kbps”));

ApplicationContainer apps = onoff.Install(nodes.Get(0));

apps.Start(Seconds(1.0));

apps.Stop(Seconds(simTime));

PacketSinkHelper sink(“ns3::UdpSocketFactory”, Address(InetSocketAddress(Ipv4Address::GetAny(), port)));

apps = sink.Install(nodes.Get(numNodes-1));

apps.Start(Seconds(0.0));

apps.Stop(Seconds(simTime));

Simulator::Stop(Seconds(simTime));

Simulator::Run();

Simulator::Destroy();

return 0;

}

Step 5: Implement Beamforming

Implementing beamform involves configuring the PHY layer to use multiple antennas and specify the beamforming settings. In ns3, we can simulate beamforming by using the YansWifiPhy and MimoMode settings. Below is an example to configure beamforming in our script.

int main(int argc, char *argv[])

{

uint32_t numNodes = 2;

double simTime = 10.0;

double distance = 50.0; // Distance between nodes

CommandLine cmd;

cmd.AddValue(“numNodes”, “Number of nodes”, numNodes);

cmd.AddValue(“simTime”, “Simulation time (seconds)”, simTime);

cmd.AddValue(“distance”, “Distance between nodes”, distance);

cmd.Parse(argc, argv);

NodeContainer nodes;

nodes.Create(numNodes);

YansWifiChannelHelper wifiChannel = YansWifiChannelHelper::Default();

YansWifiPhyHelper wifiPhy = YansWifiPhyHelper::Default();

wifiPhy.SetChannel(wifiChannel.Create());

// Configure MIMO and Beamforming

wifiPhy.Set(“Antennas”, UintegerValue(4));

wifiPhy.Set(“MaxSupportedTxSpatialStreams”, UintegerValue(4));

wifiPhy.Set(“MaxSupportedRxSpatialStreams”, UintegerValue(4));

wifiPhy.Set(“MimoMode”, StringValue(“Beamforming”));

WifiHelper wifi;

wifi.SetStandard(WIFI_STANDARD_80211ac);

WifiMacHelper wifiMac;

wifiMac.SetType(“ns3::AdhocWifiMac”);

NetDeviceContainer devices = wifi.Install(wifiPhy, wifiMac, nodes);

MobilityHelper mobility;

mobility.SetPositionAllocator(“ns3::GridPositionAllocator”,

“MinX”, DoubleValue(0.0),

“MinY”, DoubleValue(0.0),

“DeltaX”, DoubleValue(distance),

“DeltaY”, DoubleValue(0.0),

“GridWidth”, UintegerValue(3),

“LayoutType”, StringValue(“RowFirst”));

mobility.SetMobilityModel(“ns3::ConstantPositionMobilityModel”);

mobility.Install(nodes);

InternetStackHelper stack;

stack.Install(nodes);

Ipv4AddressHelper address;

address.SetBase(“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign(devices);

// Install applications

uint16_t port = 9;

OnOffHelper onoff(“ns3::UdpSocketFactory”, Address(InetSocketAddress(interfaces.GetAddress(numNodes-1), port)));

onoff.SetConstantRate(DataRate(“500kbps”));

ApplicationContainer apps = onoff.Install(nodes.Get(0));

apps.Start(Seconds(1.0));

apps.Stop(Seconds(simTime));

PacketSinkHelper sink(“ns3::UdpSocketFactory”, Address(InetSocketAddress(Ipv4Address::GetAny(), port)));

apps = sink.Install(nodes.Get(numNodes-1));

apps.Start(Seconds(0.0));

apps.Stop(Seconds(simTime));

Simulator::Stop(Seconds(simTime));

Simulator::Run();

Simulator::Destroy();

return 0;

}

Step 6: Compile and Run Your Simulation

Compile your simulation script using waf.

./waf configure

./waf build

./waf –run scratch/beamforming

Step 7: Analyze the Output

To ensure that beamforming is being utilized and that the communication quality has improved, analyze the log output.

On the whole, we had a performance analysis on the implementation of beamforming using ns3 by simulating the use of multiple antennas to direct the transmission or reception of radio signals in a specific direction, improving communication quality and reducing interference.

Implement Beamforming in ns3tool to simulate multiple antennas for directing radio signals in a specific direction, enhancing communication quality and minimizing interference according to the guidance provided by our team of professionals for your project.