To implement the Benes network routing in ns3, to make the network topology that simulate the Benes network arrangements and execute the routing techniques particularly to the Benes network. This network is a rearrangeable non-blocking network used for switching.
Down listed are the procedures to implement the Benes network routing in ns3 tool:
Steps to Implement Benes Network Routing in ns3
- Set Up Your ns3 Workspace: make certain ns3 is installed in the computer and configure with working directory.
- Create a New Module for Benes Network:
- Navigate to the src directory of ns3 and create a new directory named benes-network.
- Inside the benes-network directory, create subdirectories: model, helper, and examples.
- Define the Benes Network Topology and Routing Protocol:
- In the model directory, create .cc and .h files for the Benes network topology and routing protocol.
- Define the BenesNetworkRoutingProtocol class that inherits from the Ipv4RoutingProtocol class.
- Implement the Routing Logic:
- To simulate the Benes network routing logic and it contains to make the network topology, describing how the packets were routed via network.
- Use the concept of permutation routing, where each input can be routed to any output without conflicts.
- Integrate with ns3 Routing System:
- Modify the RoutingHelper class to include your Benes network routing protocol.
- Register the Benes network routing protocol as a routing protocol in ns3.
- Create a Simulation Script:
- Set up a network topology.
- Download the Internet stack.
- To enable the Benes network routing protocol by the help of Benes network.
- Set up applications and run the simulation.
Example Code Structure
Here, we provide the sample snippets to executing the Benes network routing in ns3 implementation:
- Define Benes Network Routing Protocol
// src/benes-network/model/benes-network-routing-protocol.h
#ifndef BENES_NETWORK_ROUTING_PROTOCOL_H
#define BENES_NETWORK_ROUTING_PROTOCOL_H
#include “ns3/ipv4-routing-protocol.h”
#include “ns3/ipv4.h”
#include “ns3/ipv4-l3-protocol.h”
#include “ns3/ipv4-route.h”
#include “ns3/node.h”
#include “ns3/net-device.h”
#include “ns3/socket.h”
#include “ns3/timer.h”
#include <vector>
#include <map>
namespace ns3 {
class BenesNetworkRoutingProtocol : public Ipv4RoutingProtocol
{
public:
static TypeId GetTypeId (void);
BenesNetworkRoutingProtocol ();
virtual ~BenesNetworkRoutingProtocol ();
// Inherited from Ipv4RoutingProtocol
virtual Ptr<Ipv4Route> RouteOutput (Ptr<Packet> p, const Ipv4Header &header, Ptr<NetDevice> oif, Socket::SocketErrno &sockerr);
virtual bool RouteInput (Ptr<const Packet> p, const Ipv4Header &header, Ptr<const NetDevice> idev, UnicastForwardCallback ucb, MulticastForwardCallback mcb, LocalDeliverCallback lcb, ErrorCallback ecb);
virtual void NotifyInterfaceUp (uint32_t interface);
virtual void NotifyInterfaceDown (uint32_t interface);
virtual void NotifyAddAddress (uint32_t interface, Ipv4InterfaceAddress address);
virtual void NotifyRemoveAddress (uint32_t interface, Ipv4InterfaceAddress address);
virtual void SetIpv4 (Ptr<Ipv4> ipv4);
void RecvBenes (Ptr<Socket> socket);
private:
void Start ();
void Stop ();
void CreateBenesTopology ();
void ComputeRoutes ();
Ptr<Ipv4> m_ipv4;
std::map<Ptr<Socket>, Ipv4InterfaceAddress> m_socketAddresses;
std::map<Ipv4Address, Ptr<Ipv4Route>> m_routes;
// Helper function to create Benes network switches and links
void CreateSwitch (Ptr<Node> node, uint32_t id);
void CreateLink (Ptr<Node> src, Ptr<Node> dst, uint32_t srcPort, uint32_t dstPort);
// Function to implement the routing logic
Ptr<Ipv4Route> GetRoute (Ipv4Address dest);
};
} // namespace ns3
#endif // BENES_NETWORK_ROUTING_PROTOCOL_H
2. Implement Benes Network Routing Protocol
// src/benes-network/model/benes-network-routing-protocol.cc
#include “benes-network-routing-protocol.h”
#include “ns3/log.h”
#include “ns3/ipv4-static-routing.h”
#include “ns3/ipv4-static-routing-helper.h”
#include “ns3/inet-socket-address.h”
namespace ns3 {
NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE (“BenesNetworkRoutingProtocol”);
NS_OBJECT_ENSURE_REGISTERED (BenesNetworkRoutingProtocol);
TypeId
BenesNetworkRoutingProtocol::GetTypeId (void)
{
static TypeId tid = TypeId (“ns3::BenesNetworkRoutingProtocol”)
.SetParent<Ipv4RoutingProtocol> ()
.SetGroupName (“Internet”)
.AddConstructor<BenesNetworkRoutingProtocol> ();
return tid;
}
BenesNetworkRoutingProtocol::BenesNetworkRoutingProtocol ()
{
NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
}
BenesNetworkRoutingProtocol::~BenesNetworkRoutingProtocol ()
{
NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
}
void
BenesNetworkRoutingProtocol::SetIpv4 (Ptr<Ipv4> ipv4)
{
NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this << ipv4);
m_ipv4 = ipv4;
CreateBenesTopology ();
ComputeRoutes ();
}
void
BenesNetworkRoutingProtocol::NotifyInterfaceUp (uint32_t interface)
{
NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this << interface);
}
void
BenesNetworkRoutingProtocol::NotifyInterfaceDown (uint32_t interface)
{
NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this << interface);
}
void
BenesNetworkRoutingProtocol::NotifyAddAddress (uint32_t interface, Ipv4InterfaceAddress address)
{
NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this << interface << address);
}
void
BenesNetworkRoutingProtocol::NotifyRemoveAddress(uint32_tinterface,Ipv4InterfaceAddress address)
{
NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this << interface << address);
}
void
BenesNetworkRoutingProtocol::Start ()
{
NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
}
void
BenesNetworkRoutingProtocol::Stop ()
{
NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
}
void
BenesNetworkRoutingProtocol::CreateBenesTopology ()
{
NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
// Implement the Benes network topology creation
// This is a simplified example to demonstrate the concept
// Create nodes, switches, and links
}
void
BenesNetworkRoutingProtocol::ComputeRoutes ()
{
NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
// Implement the routing computation for the Benes network
// Populate the m_routes map with routes for each destination
}
Ptr<Ipv4Route>
BenesNetworkRoutingProtocol::RouteOutput (Ptr<Packet> p, const Ipv4Header &header,Ptr<NetDevice> oif, Socket::SocketErrno &sockerr)
{
NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this << p << header << oif << sockerr);
Ipv4Address dest = header.GetDestination ();
return GetRoute (dest);
}
bool
BenesNetworkRoutingProtocol::RouteInput (Ptr<const Packet> p, const Ipv4Header &header, Ptr<const NetDevice> idev, UnicastForwardCallback ucb, MulticastForwardCallback mcb, LocalDeliverCallback lcb, ErrorCallback ecb)
{
NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this << p << header << idev << ucb << mcb << lcb << ecb);
Ipv4Address dest = header.GetDestination ();
Ptr<Ipv4Route> route = GetRoute (dest);
if (route != nullptr)
{
ucb (route, p, header);
return true;
}
return false;
}
void
BenesNetworkRoutingProtocol::RecvBenes (Ptr<Socket> socket)
{
NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this << socket);
// Implement message reception logic for Benes network
}
Ptr<Ipv4Route>
BenesNetworkRoutingProtocol::GetRoute (Ipv4Address dest)
{
NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this << dest);
if (m_routes.find (dest) != m_routes.end ())
{
return m_routes[dest];
}
return nullptr;
}
} // namespace ns3
3. Helper Class
// src/benes-network/helper/benes-network-helper.h
#ifndef BENES_NETWORK_HELPER_H
#define BENES_NETWORK_HELPER_H
#include “ns3/ipv4-routing-helper.h”
#include “ns3/object-factory.h”
#include “ns3/benes-network-routing-protocol.h”
namespace ns3 {
class BenesNetworkHelper : public Ipv4RoutingHelper
{
public:
BenesNetworkHelper ();
BenesNetworkHelper (const BenesNetworkHelper &);
BenesNetworkHelper &operator= (const BenesNetworkHelper &);
virtual ~BenesNetworkHelper ();
virtual BenesNetworkHelper* Copy (void) const;
virtual Ptr<Ipv4RoutingProtocol> Create (Ptr<Node> node) const;
};
} // namespace ns3
#endif // BENES_NETWORK_HELPER_H
4. Implement Helper Class
// src/benes-network/helper/benes-network-helper.cc
#include “benes-network-helper.h”
#include “ns3/benes-network-routing-protocol.h”
#include “ns3/node.h”
namespace ns3 {
BenesNetworkHelper::BenesNetworkHelper ()
{
}
BenesNetworkHelper::BenesNetworkHelper (const BenesNetworkHelper &o)
{
}
BenesNetworkHelper&
BenesNetworkHelper::operator= (const BenesNetworkHelper &o)
{
return *this;
}
BenesNetworkHelper::~BenesNetworkHelper ()
{
}
BenesNetworkHelper*
BenesNetworkHelper::Copy (void) const
{
return new BenesNetworkHelper (*this);
}
Ptr<Ipv4RoutingProtocol>
BenesNetworkHelper::Create (Ptr<Node> node) const
{
Ptr<BenesNetworkRoutingProtocol> protocol = CreateObject<BenesNetworkRoutingProtocol> ();
node->AggregateObject (protocol);
return protocol;
}
} // namespace ns3
Example Simulation Script
// examples/benes-network-simulation.cc
#include “ns3/core-module.h”
#include “ns3/network-module.h”
#include “ns3/internet-module.h”
#include “ns3/point-to-point-module.h”
#include “ns3/applications-module.h”
#include “ns3/benes-network-helper.h”
using namespace ns3;
NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE (“BenesNetworkExample”);
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
CommandLine cmd;
cmd.Parse (argc, argv);
// Create nodes
NodeContainer nodes;
nodes.Create (8); // Example with 8 nodes
// Create point-to-point links
PointToPointHelper p2p;
p2p.SetDeviceAttribute (“DataRate”, StringValue (“1Gbps”));
p2p.SetChannelAttribute (“Delay”, StringValue (“2ms”));
// Create a Benes network topology
NetDeviceContainer devices;
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < nodes.GetN (); ++i)
{
for (uint32_t j = i + 1; j < nodes.GetN (); ++j)
{
devices.Add (p2p.Install (nodes.Get (i), nodes.Get (j)));
}
}
// Install the Internet stack
InternetStackHelper stack;
BenesNetworkHelper benesHelper;
stack.SetRoutingHelper (benesHelper);
stack.Install (nodes);
// Assign IP addresses
Ipv4AddressHelper address;
address.SetBase (“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);
Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign (devices);
// Create a packet sink to receive packets
uint16_t sinkPort = 8080;
Address sinkAddress (InetSocketAddress (Ipv4Address (“10.1.1.1”), sinkPort));
PacketSinkHelper packetSinkHelper (“ns3::TcpSocketFactory”, sinkAddress);
ApplicationContainer sinkApps = packetSinkHelper.Install (nodes.Get (7));
sinkApps.Start (Seconds (1.0));
sinkApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));
// Create a TCP client to send packets
OnOffHelper clientHelper (“ns3::TcpSocketFactory”, sinkAddress); clientHelper.SetAttribute(“OnTime”,StringValue(“ns3::ConstantRandomVariable[Constant=1]”)); clientHelper.SetAttribute(“OffTime”,StringValue(“ns3::ConstantRandomVariable[Constant=0]”));
clientHelper.SetAttribute (“DataRate”, DataRateValue (DataRate (“1Mbps”)));
clientHelper.SetAttribute (“PacketSize”, UintegerValue (1024));
ApplicationContainer clientApps = clientHelper.Install (nodes.Get (0));
clientApps.Start (Seconds (2.0));
clientApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));
// Enable tracing
AsciiTraceHelper ascii;
p2p.EnableAsciiAll (ascii.CreateFileStream (“benes-network.tr”));
p2p.EnablePcapAll (“benes-network”);
// Run the simulation
Simulator::Run ();
Simulator::Destroy ();
return 0;
}
Running the Simulation
To run the simulation, compile the script and execute it:
./waf configure –enable-examples
./waf build
./waf –run benes-network-example
Finally, we discussed here about procedures to execution, sample snippets for the benes network routing through ns3 tool. Ns3simulation.com shares positive outcomes for all benes routing implementation.