To implement cluster transmission in ns3, we need to create a simulation of a network in which that nodes are grouped into clusters. The cluster is managed efficiently for the communication within and between the nodes. The clustering is typically used to reduce energy consumption and improve network scalability in wireless sensor networks (WSNs).
The following steps will guide on how to set-up cluster transmission in ns3.
Step-by-step guide to implement cluster transmission in ns3:
Step 1: Setup ns3 Environment
Ensure that ns3 is installed and properly configured.
git clone https://gitlab.com/nsnam/ns-3-dev.git
cd ns-3-dev
./waf configure
./waf build
Step 2: Create the Cluster Transmission Simulation Script
We will create a script that sets up a network with nodes grouped into clusters, with designated cluster heads for managing communication.
#include “ns3/core-module.h”
#include “ns3/network-module.h”
#include “ns3/internet-module.h”
#include “ns3/point-to-point-module.h”
#include “ns3/mobility-module.h”
#include “ns3/applications-module.h”
#include “ns3/wifi-module.h”
#include “ns3/flow-monitor-module.h”
using namespace ns3;
NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE(“ClusterTransmissionExample”);
void CourseChange(std::string context, Ptr<const MobilityModel> model)
{
Vector position = model->GetPosition();
NS_LOG_UNCOND(Simulator::Now().GetSeconds() << “s: Node at (” << position.x << “, ” << position.y << “, ” << position.z << “)”);
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
CommandLine cmd;
cmd.Parse(argc, argv);
// Create nodes
NodeContainer allNodes;
allNodes.Create(10); // Ten nodes in total
// Create cluster heads
NodeContainer clusterHeads;
clusterHeads.Add(allNodes.Get(0)); // Node 0 as cluster head for cluster 1
clusterHeads.Add(allNodes.Get(5)); // Node 5 as cluster head for cluster 2
// Create clusters
NodeContainer cluster1;
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < 5; ++i)
{
cluster1.Add(allNodes.Get(i));
}
NodeContainer cluster2;
for (uint32_t i = 5; i < 10; ++i)
{
cluster2.Add(allNodes.Get(i));
}
// Set up mobility model
MobilityHelper mobility;
mobility.SetPositionAllocator(“ns3::GridPositionAllocator”,
“MinX”, DoubleValue(0.0),
“MinY”, DoubleValue(0.0),
“DeltaX”, DoubleValue(5.0),
“DeltaY”, DoubleValue(5.0),
“GridWidth”, UintegerValue(5),
“LayoutType”, StringValue(“RowFirst”));
mobility.SetMobilityModel(“ns3::ConstantPositionMobilityModel”);
mobility.Install(allNodes);
// Set up WiFi
WifiHelper wifi;
wifi.SetRemoteStationManager(“ns3::AarfWifiManager”);
WifiMacHelper mac;
Ssid ssid = Ssid(“ns-3-ssid”);
mac.SetType(“ns3::AdhocWifiMac”,
“Ssid”, SsidValue(ssid));
YansWifiPhyHelper phy = YansWifiPhyHelper::Default();
YansWifiChannelHelper channel = YansWifiChannelHelper::Default();
phy.SetChannel(channel.Create());
NetDeviceContainer devices = wifi.Install(phy, mac, allNodes);
// Install the internet stack
InternetStackHelper stack;
stack.Install(allNodes);
// Assign IP addresses
Ipv4AddressHelper address;
address.SetBase(“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);
Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign(devices);
// Log position changes
Config::Connect(“/NodeList/*/$ns3::MobilityModel/CourseChange”, MakeCallback(&CourseChange));
// Set up routing
Ipv4GlobalRoutingHelper::PopulateRoutingTables();
// Install applications to generate traffic
uint16_t port = 9;
// Cluster head 0 will send data to cluster head 1
OnOffHelperonoff(“ns3::UdpSocketFactory”, Address(InetSocketAddress(interfaces.GetAddress(5), port)));
onoff.SetConstantRate(DataRate(“1Mbps”));
ApplicationContainer apps = onoff.Install(clusterHeads.Get(0));
apps.Start(Seconds(1.0));
apps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));
// Install packet sink on cluster head 1 to receive packets
PacketSinkHelpersink(“ns3::UdpSocketFactory”, Address(InetSocketAddress(Ipv4Address::GetAny(), port)));
apps = sink.Install(clusterHeads.Get(1));
apps.Start(Seconds(0.0));
apps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));
// Enable FlowMonitor to measure performance metrics
FlowMonitorHelper flowmon;
Ptr<FlowMonitor> monitor = flowmon.InstallAll();
// Run the simulation
Simulator::Stop(Seconds(10.0));
Simulator::Run();
// Print per-flow statistics
monitor->CheckForLostPackets();
Ptr<Ipv4FlowClassifier>classifier = DynamicCast<Ipv4FlowClassifier>(flowmon.GetClassifier());
std::map<FlowId, FlowMonitor::FlowStats> stats = monitor->GetFlowStats();
for (std::map<FlowId, FlowMonitor::FlowStats>::const_iterator i = stats.begin(); i != stats.end(); ++i)
{
Ipv4FlowClassifier::FiveTuple t = classifier->FindFlow(i->first);
NS_LOG_UNCOND(“Flow ” << i->first << ” (” << t.sourceAddress << ” -> ” << t.destinationAddress << “)”);
NS_LOG_UNCOND(” Tx Packets: ” << i->second.txPackets);
NS_LOG_UNCOND(” Tx Bytes: ” << i->second.txBytes);
NS_LOG_UNCOND(” Rx Packets: ” << i->second.rxPackets);
NS_LOG_UNCOND(” Rx Bytes: ” << i->second.rxBytes);
NS_LOG_UNCOND(” Lost Packets: ” << i->second.lostPackets);
NS_LOG_UNCOND(” Throughput: ” << i->second.rxBytes * 8.0 / (i->second.timeLastRxPacket.GetSeconds() – i->second.timeFirstTxPacket.GetSeconds()) / 1024 / 1024 << ” Mbps”);
}
// Clean up
Simulator::Destroy();
return 0;
}
Step 3: Compile and Run the Simulation
- Compile the Simulation:
./waf configure –enable-examples
./waf build
Run the Simulation:
./waf –run scratch/cluster-transmission-example
Step 4: Analyze Results
The simulation script sets up a network topology with clusters and designated cluster heads, simulating data transmission within and between clusters. FlowMonitor is used to collect and print out statistics about the traffic flows, such as packet loss, throughput, and delay.
Additional Considerations
To extend the functionality of your cluster transmission network simulation, consider the following:
1. Dynamic Clustering
Implement dynamic clustering algorithms to allow nodes to join or leave clusters based on network conditions, energy levels, or other criteria.
2. Cluster Head Rotation
Implement cluster head rotation mechanisms to distribute the energy consumption evenly among nodes and prolong the network’s lifetime.
3. Inter-Cluster Communication
Simulate inter-cluster communication protocols to optimize data transmission between clusters.
4. Traffic Patterns
Simulate different types of traffic patterns, such as IoT data, VoIP, video streaming, and bulk data transfer, to study their impact on the network.
5. Quality of Service (QoS)
Implement QoS mechanisms to prioritize certain types of traffic and ensure that critical data flows receive the necessary bandwidth and low latency.
6. Performance Metrics
Collect and analyze additional metrics such as jitter, packet delay variation, and error rates to evaluate the network performance more comprehensively.
Over all, we had clearly explained about the process of implementing cluster transmission by grouping the cluster, simulating the script for transmitting the cluster nodes to run simulation and then analyse the results.
If you face difficulties in Implementation of cluster transmission in ns3tool after referring the above steps, then you can connect with our team for more help.