How to Implement Distributed Systems in ns3

To implement distributed systems in ns3, we need to set-up a network topology. In this topology by using a client-server or peer-to-peer architecture in which that multiple nodes will communicate with each other. The following steps will detail explain about the implementation process of Distributed system in ns3 environment.

Step-by-step guide to implement Distributed system in ns3:

Step 1: Set Up the Simulation Environment

Make sure ns3 is installed on the system.

Step 2: Create the Network Topology

Create a basic network topology using ns3 with multiple nodes to simulate a distributed system.

Step 3: Write the Script

Here is a complete example of how to create and configure a distributed system in ns3:

#include “ns3/core-module.h”

#include “ns3/network-module.h”

#include “ns3/internet-module.h”

#include “ns3/point-to-point-module.h”

#include “ns3/applications-module.h”

using namespace ns3;

NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE (“DistributedSystemExample”);

int main (int argc, char *argv[])

{

CommandLine cmd;

cmd.Parse (argc, argv);

// Create nodes

NodeContainer nodes;

nodes.Create (4); // Create 4 nodes to simulate a distributed system

// Create point-to-point links between nodes

PointToPointHelper pointToPoint;

pointToPoint.SetDeviceAttribute (“DataRate”, StringValue (“5Mbps”));

pointToPoint.SetChannelAttribute (“Delay”, StringValue (“2ms”));

NetDeviceContainer devices01 = pointToPoint.Install (nodes.Get(0), nodes.Get(1));

NetDeviceContainer devices12 = pointToPoint.Install (nodes.Get(1), nodes.Get(2));

NetDeviceContainer devices23 = pointToPoint.Install (nodes.Get(2), nodes.Get(3));

NetDeviceContainer devices30 = pointToPoint.Install (nodes.Get(3), nodes.Get(0));

// Install the Internet stack on the nodes

InternetStackHelper stack;

stack.Install (nodes);

// Assign IP addresses to the devices

Ipv4AddressHelper address;

Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces;

address.SetBase (“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

interfaces.Add (address.Assign (devices01));

address.SetBase (“10.1.2.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

interfaces.Add (address.Assign (devices12));

address.SetBase (“10.1.3.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

interfaces.Add (address.Assign (devices23));

address.SetBase (“10.1.4.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

interfaces.Add (address.Assign (devices30));

// Set up a server application on node 1

uint16_t port = 9; // Port number

UdpEchoServerHelper serverHelper (port);

ApplicationContainer serverApp = serverHelper.Install (nodes.Get(1));

serverApp.Start (Seconds (1.0));

serverApp.Stop (Seconds (10.0));

// Set up client applications on other nodes

UdpEchoClientHelper clientHelper (interfaces.GetAddress (1), port);

clientHelper.SetAttribute (“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue (5));

clientHelper.SetAttribute (“Interval”, TimeValue (Seconds (1.0)));

clientHelper.SetAttribute (“PacketSize”, UintegerValue (1024));

ApplicationContainer clientApps = clientHelper.Install (nodes.Get(0));

clientApps.Add (clientHelper.Install (nodes.Get(2)));

clientApps.Add (clientHelper.Install (nodes.Get(3)));

clientApps.Start (Seconds (2.0));

clientApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));

// Enable packet capturing

pointToPoint.EnablePcapAll (“distributed-system”);

// Run the simulation

Simulator::Run ();

Simulator::Destroy ();

return 0;

}

Explanation:

1. Create Nodes and Links:

1. • Create four nodes to simulate a distributed system.
   • Connect the nodes using point-to-point links.

2. Install the Internet Stack:

1. • Install the Internet stack on all nodes to enable IP communication.

3. Assign IP Addresses:

1. • Assign IP addresses to the devices.

4. Set Up Applications:

1. • Create a UDP Echo server on node 1.
   • Create UDP Echo clients on nodes 0, 2, and 3 to send packets to the server.

5. Enable Packet Capturing:

1. • Enable packet capturing using the EnablePcapAll method to capture the transmitted packets.

6. Run Simulation:

1. • Run the simulation and then destroy it after completion.

Step 4: Compile and Run the Script

1. Save the script as distributed-system-example.cc in the scratch directory of your ns3 installation.
2. Compile the script using the following commands:

./waf configure

./waf build

./waf –run distributed-system-example

Step 5: Analyze the Results

By the EnablePcapAll method pcap files are generated, we can also use the tools like You Wireshark to analyze these pcap files, after running the simulation process.

From the given above examples and steps we can completely understand the implementation process of Distributed systems in ns3 by using two different architecture to connect multiple nodes that can communicate with each other.

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