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How To Implement Fog RAN in NS3

To implement the fog radio access network (Fog RAN) in ns-3 consists to simulate a network where computation, storage, and networking resources are distributed that is closer to the end users often at the edge of the network, instead of being centralized. Get fog radio access network coding and simulation done by our developers.

Here are the step by step procedures to set up a basic fog RAN simulation in ns-3 environment:

Step-by-Step Guide to Implement Fog RAN in ns-3

  1. Set Up Your Development Environment
  1. Install ns-3:
    • Follow the official ns-3 installation guide.
  2. Install mmWave Module (if needed):
    • Clone and install the mmWave module from its repository, as it provides necessary features for 5G simulations which are often used in Fog RAN.

# Clone mmWave module

git clone https://github.com/nyuwireless-unipd/ns3-mmwave.git

cd ns3-mmwave

./waf configure –enable-examples –enable-tests

./waf build

  1. Create a Basic Fog RAN Simulation Script

Here the given sample script is to set up a basic fog RAN environment using the ns-3 and the mmWave module:

#include “ns3/core-module.h”

#include “ns3/network-module.h”

#include “ns3/internet-module.h”

#include “ns3/point-to-point-module.h”

#include “ns3/applications-module.h”

#include “ns3/mobility-module.h”

#include “ns3/mobility-module.h”

#include “ns3/mmwave-helper.h”

#include “ns3/config-store-module.h”

#include “ns3/antenna-module.h”

#include “ns3/propagation-module.h”

#include “ns3/eps-bearer.h”

using namespace ns3;

using namespace mmwave;

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {

    // Set default parameters

    Config::SetDefault(“ns3::MmWaveHelper::RlcAmEnabled”, BooleanValue(true));

    Config::SetDefault(“ns3::MmWaveHelper::HarqEnabled”, BooleanValue(true));

    Config::SetDefault(“ns3::MmWaveHelper::FixedTti”, BooleanValue(false));

    // Parse command-line arguments

    CommandLine cmd;

    cmd.Parse(argc, argv);

 

    // Create nodes for the Fog nodes (similar to eNodeB), Remote Radio Heads (RRHs), and User Equipment (UE)

    NodeContainer fogNodes;

    fogNodes.Create(2);

    NodeContainer rrhNodes;

    rrhNodes.Create(2);

    NodeContainer ueNodes;

    ueNodes.Create(3);

    // Set up point-to-point links between Fog nodes and RRHs

    PointToPointHelper p2p;

    p2p.SetDeviceAttribute(“DataRate”, StringValue(“10Gbps”));

    p2p.SetChannelAttribute(“Delay”, StringValue(“1ms”));

    NetDeviceContainer fronthaulDevices;

    fronthaulDevices = p2p.Install(fogNodes.Get(0), rrhNodes.Get(0));

    fronthaulDevices.Add(p2p.Install(fogNodes.Get(1), rrhNodes.Get(1)));

    // Install the mmWave protocol stack on the RRH nodes

    Ptr<MmWaveHelper> mmWaveHelper = CreateObject<MmWaveHelper>();

    mmWaveHelper->SetHarqEnabled(true);

    mmWaveHelper->SetLteEpcHelper(CreateObject<EpcHelper>());

    mmWaveHelper->Initialize();

    NetDeviceContainer enbDevs = mmWaveHelper->InstallEnbDevice(rrhNodes);

    NetDeviceContainer ueDevs = mmWaveHelper->InstallUeDevice(ueNodes);

    // Set up mobility models

    MobilityHelper mobility;

    mobility.SetMobilityModel(“ns3::ConstantPositionMobilityModel”);

    mobility.Install(fogNodes);

    mobility.Install(rrhNodes);

    mobility.Install(ueNodes);

    // Install the Internet stack on the UE nodes

    InternetStackHelper internet;

    internet.Install(ueNodes);

    // Assign IP addresses

    Ipv4AddressHelper ipv4;

    ipv4.SetBase(“7.0.0.0”, “255.0.0.0”);

    Ipv4InterfaceContainer ueIpIface;

    ueIpIface = ipv4.Assign(ueDevs);

    // Attach the UEs to the RRHs

    mmWaveHelper->AttachToClosestEnb(ueDevs, enbDevs);

    // Install applications

    uint16_t dlPort = 1234;

    uint16_t ulPort = 2000;

 

    // Downlink application

    OnOffHelper dlClient(“ns3::UdpSocketFactory”, InetSocketAddress(ueIpIface.GetAddress(0), dlPort));

    dlClient.SetAttribute(“OnTime”, StringValue(“ns3::ConstantRandomVariable[Constant=1]”));

    dlClient.SetAttribute(“OffTime”, StringValue(“ns3::ConstantRandomVariable[Constant=0]”));

    dlClient.SetAttribute(“DataRate”, DataRateValue(DataRate(“100Mb/s”)));

    dlClient.SetAttribute(“PacketSize”, UintegerValue(1024));

    ApplicationContainer clientApps = dlClient.Install(rrhNodes.Get(0));

    clientApps.Start(Seconds(0.1));

    clientApps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

    // Uplink application

    OnOffHelper ulClient(“ns3::UdpSocketFactory”, InetSocketAddress(Ipv4Address(“7.0.0.1”), ulPort));

    ulClient.SetAttribute(“OnTime”, StringValue(“ns3::ConstantRandomVariable[Constant=1]”));

    ulClient.SetAttribute(“OffTime”, StringValue(“ns3::ConstantRandomVariable[Constant=0]”));

    ulClient.SetAttribute(“DataRate”, DataRateValue(DataRate(“50Mb/s”)));

    ulClient.SetAttribute(“PacketSize”, UintegerValue(1024));

    clientApps = ulClient.Install(ueNodes.Get(0));

    clientApps.Start(Seconds(0.1));

    clientApps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

 

    // Run the simulation

    Simulator::Stop(Seconds(10.0));

    Simulator::Run();

    Simulator::Destroy();

    return 0;

}

Explanation of the Script

Here is the explanation for the Fog-RAN network process script that are

  1. Include Necessary Headers:
    • Include the required headers for ns-3, mmWave, and the necessary modules.
  2. Set Default Configuration:
    • Set default parameters for the mmWave simulation such as enabling RLC AM and HARQ.
  3. Create and Configure Nodes:
    • Create nodes for Fog nodes (acting like BBU pools), RRHs, and UEs using NodeContainer.
    • Configure point-to-point fronthaul links between the Fog nodes and RRHs.
  4. Install Protocol Stack:
    • Install the mmWave protocol stack on the RRH nodes using MmWaveHelper.
  5. Set Up Mobility:
    • Use MobilityHelper to assign mobility models to the nodes.
  6. Install Internet Stack:
    • Install the Internet stack on the UE nodes using InternetStackHelper.
  7. Assign IP Addresses:
    • Assign IP addresses to the UE devices using Ipv4AddressHelper.
  8. Attach UEs to RRHs:
    • Attach the UE nodes to the closest RRH using MmWaveHelper.
  9. Install Applications:
    • Install downlink and uplink applications using OnOffHelper.
  10. Run the Simulation:
    • Set the simulation stop time, run the simulation, and clean up using Simulator::Stop, Simulator::Run, and Simulator::Destroy.

Further Enhancements

Below are the future improvements for the fog RAN environment

  1. Advanced Mobility Models:
    • Implement more realistic mobility models to simulate user movement.
  2. Quality of Service (QoS):
    • Implement QoS classes and policies for different types of traffic.
  3. Network Slicing:
    • Implement network slicing to provide dedicated virtual networks for different applications.
  4. Handover Scenarios:
    • Simulate handover scenarios where UEs move between different cells.
  5. Interference Modeling:
    • Model interference between different cells and evaluate mitigation techniques.
  6. Performance Metrics:
    • Collect and analyze performance metrics such as throughput, latency, and packet loss.

We deliberated on the implementation of procedures for the fog RAN and also committed to offer comprehensive support for any additional information pertaining to the RAN environment.