To implement hybrid beamforming in ns3, we need to follow several steps. This beamforming algorithm combines both analog and digital beamforming techniques so, we need to configure the simulation to use that algorithm. The following steps will guide on implementing Hybrid beamforming in ns3.
Step-by-step to implement hybrid beamforming in ns3:
Step 1: Set Up the ns3 Environment
- Install ns-3: Make sure ns3 is installed on the system
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ns3
Create a New ns-3 Project: Create a directory for the new project within the ns3 workspace.
cd ns-3
mkdir scratch/hybrid-beamforming
Step 2: Configure the Beamforming Model
ns3 does not natively support hybrid beamforming out of the box. However, we can extend the existing beamforming capabilities of the Wi-Fi module to simulate hybrid beamforming.
- Set Up the Wi-Fi PHY and MAC Layer for Beamforming: Configure the Wi-Fi PHY and MAC layer to use beamforming. We need to set the appropriate attributes to simulate beamforming behavior.
// hybrid-beamforming.cc
#include “ns3/core-module.h”
#include “ns3/network-module.h”
#include “ns3/internet-module.h”
#include “ns3/wifi-module.h”
#include “ns3/mobility-module.h”
#include “ns3/applications-module.h”
#include “ns3/antenna-module.h”
using namespace ns3;
NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE (“HybridBeamformingExample”);
void ConfigureBeamforming (Ptr<WifiPhy> phy) {
phy->Set (“Antennas”, UintegerValue (4)); // Set the number of antennas
phy->Set (“MaxSupportedTxSpatialStreams”, UintegerValue (2));
phy->Set (“MaxSupportedRxSpatialStreams”, UintegerValue (2));
}
int main (int argc, char *argv[]) {
CommandLine cmd;
cmd.Parse (argc, argv);
NodeContainer nodes;
nodes.Create (2);
YansWifiChannelHelper channel = YansWifiChannelHelper::Default ();
YansWifiPhyHelper phy = YansWifiPhyHelper::Default ();
phy.SetChannel (channel.Create ());
phy.SetPcapDataLinkType (WifiPhyHelper::DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO);
ConfigureBeamforming (phy);
WifiHelper wifi;
wifi.SetRemoteStationManager (“ns3::AarfWifiManager”);
WifiMacHelper mac;
Ssid ssid = Ssid (“ns-3-ssid”);
mac.SetType (“ns3::StaWifiMac”, “Ssid”, SsidValue (ssid), “ActiveProbing”, BooleanValue (false));
NetDeviceContainer devices = wifi.Install (phy, mac, nodes);
InternetStackHelper stack;
stack.Install (nodes);
Ipv4AddressHelper address;
address.SetBase (“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);
Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign (devices);
MobilityHelper mobility;
mobility.SetPositionAllocator (“ns3::GridPositionAllocator”,
“MinX”, DoubleValue (0.0),
“MinY”, DoubleValue (0.0),
“DeltaX”, DoubleValue (5.0),
“DeltaY”, DoubleValue (10.0),
“GridWidth”, UintegerValue (2),
“LayoutType”, StringValue (“RowFirst”));
mobility.SetMobilityModel (“ns3::ConstantPositionMobilityModel”);
mobility.Install (nodes);
UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer (9);
ApplicationContainer serverApps = echoServer.Install (nodes.Get (0));
serverApps.Start (Seconds (1.0));
serverApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));
UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient (interfaces.GetAddress (0), 9);
echoClient.SetAttribute (“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue (1));
echoClient.SetAttribute (“Interval”, TimeValue (Seconds (1.0)));
echoClient.SetAttribute (“PacketSize”, UintegerValue (1024));
ApplicationContainer clientApps = echoClient.Install (nodes.Get (1));
clientApps.Start (Seconds (2.0));
clientApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));
Simulator::Stop (Seconds (10.0));
Simulator::Run ();
Simulator::Destroy ();
return 0;
}
Step 3: Extend Beamforming Capabilities for Hybrid Beamforming
- Implement the Hybrid Beamforming Algorithm: Create a custom hybrid beamforming class that combines both analog and digital beamforming.
// HybridBeamforming.h
#ifndef HYBRID_BEAMFORMING_H
#define HYBRID_BEAMFORMING_H
#include “ns3/antenna-model.h”
#include “ns3/object.h”
namespace ns3 {
class HybridBeamforming : public Object {
public:
static TypeId GetTypeId (void);
HybridBeamforming ();
virtual ~HybridBeamforming ();
void SetAntennaArray (Ptr<AntennaModel> antennaArray);
void SetDigitalWeights (std::vector<Complex> weights);
void SetAnalogWeights (std::vector<Complex> weights);
Ptr<AntennaModel> GetAntennaArray () const;
std::vector<Complex> GetDigitalWeights () const;
std::vector<Complex> GetAnalogWeights () const;
private:
Ptr<AntennaModel> m_antennaArray;
std::vector<Complex> m_digitalWeights;
std::vector<Complex> m_analogWeights;
};
} // namespace ns3
#endif // HYBRID_BEAMFORMING_H
// HybridBeamforming.cc
#include “HybridBeamforming.h”
#include “ns3/log.h”
namespace ns3 {
NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE (“HybridBeamforming”);
NS_OBJECT_ENSURE_REGISTERED (HybridBeamforming);
TypeId HybridBeamforming::GetTypeId (void) {
static TypeId tid = TypeId (“ns3::HybridBeamforming”)
.SetParent<Object> ()
.SetGroupName (“Antenna”)
.AddConstructor<HybridBeamforming> ();
return tid;
}
HybridBeamforming::HybridBeamforming () {}
HybridBeamforming::~HybridBeamforming () {}
void HybridBeamforming::SetAntennaArray (Ptr<AntennaModel> antennaArray) {
m_antennaArray = antennaArray;
}
void HybridBeamforming::SetDigitalWeights (std::vector<Complex> weights) {
m_digitalWeights = weights;
}
void HybridBeamforming::SetAnalogWeights (std::vector<Complex> weights) {
m_analogWeights = weights;
}
Ptr<AntennaModel> HybridBeamforming::GetAntennaArray () const {
return m_antennaArray;
}
std::vector<Complex> HybridBeamforming::GetDigitalWeights () const {
return m_digitalWeights;
}
std::vector<Complex> HybridBeamforming::GetAnalogWeights () const {
return m_analogWeights;
}
} // namespace ns3
Step 4: Integrate Hybrid Beamforming with ns3 Simulation
- Use the Hybrid Beamforming Class in the Simulation:
// hybrid-beamforming.cc (extended)
#include “HybridBeamforming.h”
using namespace ns3;
NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE (“HybridBeamformingExample”);
void ConfigureHybridBeamforming (Ptr<HybridBeamforming> beamforming) {
std::vector<Complex> digitalWeights = { Complex(1.0, 0.0), Complex(0.5, 0.5) };
std::vector<Complex> analogWeights = { Complex(0.5, 0.5), Complex(1.0, 0.0) };
beamforming->SetDigitalWeights(digitalWeights);
beamforming->SetAnalogWeights(analogWeights);
}
int main (int argc, char *argv[]) {
CommandLine cmd;
cmd.Parse (argc, argv);
NodeContainer nodes;
nodes.Create (2);
YansWifiChannelHelper channel = YansWifiChannelHelper::Default ();
YansWifiPhyHelper phy = YansWifiPhyHelper::Default ();
phy.SetChannel (channel.Create ());
phy.SetPcapDataLinkType (WifiPhyHelper::DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO);
ConfigureBeamforming (phy);
WifiHelper wifi;
wifi.SetRemoteStationManager (“ns3::AarfWifiManager”);
WifiMacHelper mac;
Ssid ssid = Ssid (“ns-3-ssid”);
mac.SetType (“ns3::StaWifiMac”, “Ssid”, SsidValue (ssid), “ActiveProbing”, BooleanValue (false));
NetDeviceContainer devices = wifi.Install (phy, mac, nodes);
InternetStackHelper stack;
stack.Install (nodes);
Ipv4AddressHelper address;
address.SetBase (“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);
Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign (devices);
MobilityHelper mobility;
Over all, we had implemented the hybrid beamforming in ns3, by using the beam forming algorithm which combine both analog and digital techniques. We can extend this by using exisiting beam forming capabilities of the Wi-Fi module.
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