To implement interaction between different types of networks in ns3, we need to create a hybrid network topology where different network technologies like Wi-Fi, ethernet, and LTE can coexist and communicate with each other. This can be implemented by setting up a gateway node that acts as a bridge between various network segments. Here is detailed guide on achieving this.
Steps for implementation
Step 1: Set up the simulation
- Download and install ns3 : Make sure that ns3 is installed in the computer. If not, install it from the official ns3 website.
- Familiarize yourself with ns3 basics : Understand the basics of ns3 such as creating nodes, setting up channels, and running basic simulations etc.
Step 2: Create the network topology
Define a network topology that involves different network technologies such as Wi-Fi, Ethernet, and LTE.
Create hybrid network topology
#include “ns3/core-module.h”
#include “ns3/network-module.h”
#include “ns3/internet-module.h”
#include “ns3/point-to-point-module.h”
#include “ns3/wifi-module.h”
#include “ns3/lte-module.h”
#include “ns3/applications-module.h”
#include “ns3/mobility-module.h”
using namespace ns3;
NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE(“HybridNetworkSimulation”);
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
CommandLine cmd;
cmd.Parse(argc, argv);
// Create nodes
NodeContainer wifiNodes;
wifiNodes.Create(2);
NodeContainer p2pNodes;
p2pNodes.Create(2);
NodeContainer lteNodes;
lteNodes.Create(2);
NodeContainer gatewayNode;
gatewayNode.Create(1);
// Set up Wi-Fi network
YansWifiChannelHelper wifiChannel = YansWifiChannelHelper::Default();
YansWifiPhyHelper wifiPhy = YansWifiPhyHelper::Default();
wifiPhy.SetChannel(wifiChannel.Create());
WifiHelper wifi;
wifi.SetRemoteStationManager(“ns3::AarfWifiManager”);
WifiMacHelper wifiMac;
Ssid ssid = Ssid(“ns-3-ssid”);
wifiMac.SetType(“ns3::StaWifiMac”, “Ssid”, SsidValue(ssid), “ActiveProbing”, BooleanValue(false));
NetDeviceContainer wifiDevices;
wifiDevices = wifi.Install(wifiPhy, wifiMac, wifiNodes);
wifiMac.SetType(“ns3::ApWifiMac”, “Ssid”, SsidValue(ssid));
wifiDevices.Add(wifi.Install(wifiPhy, wifiMac, gatewayNode.Get(0)));
// Set up point-to-point network
PointToPointHelper pointToPoint;
pointToPoint.SetDeviceAttribute(“DataRate”, StringValue(“10Mbps”));
pointToPoint.SetChannelAttribute(“Delay”, StringValue(“2ms”));
NetDeviceContainer p2pDevices;
p2pDevices = pointToPoint.Install(p2pNodes);
p2pDevices.Add(pointToPoint.Install(p2pNodes.Get(0), gatewayNode.Get(0)));
// Set up LTE network
Ptr<LteHelper> lteHelper = CreateObject<LteHelper>();
Ptr<PointToPointEpcHelper> epcHelper = CreateObject<PointToPointEpcHelper>();
lteHelper->SetEpcHelper(epcHelper);
Ptr<Node> pgw = epcHelper->GetPgwNode();
InternetStackHelper internet;
internet.Install(lteNodes);
internet.Install(gatewayNode);
NodeContainer ueNodes;
ueNodes.Add(lteNodes.Get(0));
NodeContainer enbNodes;
enbNodes.Add(lteNodes.Get(1));
NetDeviceContainer enbLteDevs = lteHelper->InstallEnbDevice(enbNodes);
NetDeviceContainer ueLteDevs = lteHelper->InstallUeDevice(ueNodes);
lteHelper->Attach(ueLteDevs, enbLteDevs.Get(0));
// Assign IP addresses
Ipv4AddressHelper address;
address.SetBase(“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);
Ipv4InterfaceContainer wifiInterfaces = address.Assign(wifiDevices);
address.SetBase(“10.2.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);
Ipv4InterfaceContainer p2pInterfaces = address.Assign(p2pDevices);
Ipv4InterfaceContainer ueIpIface;
ueIpIface = epcHelper->AssignUeIpv4Address(NetDeviceContainer(ueLteDevs));
Ptr<Node> ueNode = ueNodes.Get(0);
Ptr<Ipv4StaticRouting> ueStaticRouting = Ipv4RoutingHelper::GetRouting<Ipv4StaticRouting>(ueNode->GetObject<Ipv4>()->GetRoutingProtocol());
ueStaticRouting->SetDefaultRoute(epcHelper->GetUeDefaultGatewayAddress(), 1);
// Install applications
UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer(9);
ApplicationContainer serverApps = echoServer.Install(gatewayNode.Get(0));
serverApps.Start(Seconds(1.0));
serverApps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));
UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient(p2pInterfaces.GetAddress(1), 9);
echoClient.SetAttribute(“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue(10));
echoClient.SetAttribute(“Interval”, TimeValue(Seconds(1.0)));
echoClient.SetAttribute(“PacketSize”, UintegerValue(1024));
ApplicationContainer clientApps = echoClient.Install(wifiNodes.Get(1));
clientApps.Start(Seconds(2.0));
clientApps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));
// Enable tracing
pointToPoint.EnablePcapAll(“hybrid-network”);
wifiPhy.EnablePcap(“wifi”, wifiDevices.Get(0));
lteHelper->EnableTraces();
Simulator::Run();
Simulator::Destroy();
return 0;
}
Step 3: Configure Mobility
To simulate realistic scenarios where nodes can move, set up mobility models.
// Set up mobility
MobilityHelper mobility;
mobility.SetPositionAllocator(“ns3::GridPositionAllocator”,
“MinX”, DoubleValue(0.0),
“MinY”, DoubleValue(0.0),
“DeltaX”, DoubleValue(5.0),
“DeltaY”, DoubleValue(10.0),
“GridWidth”, UintegerValue(3),
“LayoutType”, StringValue(“RowFirst”));
mobility.SetMobilityModel(“ns3::ConstantPositionMobilityModel”);
mobility.Install(gatewayNode);
mobility.SetMobilityModel(“ns3::RandomWalk2dMobilityModel”,
“Bounds”, RectangleValue(Rectangle(-50, 50, -50, 50)));
mobility.Install(wifiNodes);
mobility.SetMobilityModel(“ns3::ConstantPositionMobilityModel”);
mobility.Install(p2pNodes);
Step 4: Install and Configure Applications
On the nodes, install applications to generate and process network traffic.
// Install applications
UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer(9);
ApplicationContainer serverApps = echoServer.Install(gatewayNode.Get(0));
serverApps.Start(Seconds(1.0));
serverApps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));
UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient(wifiInterfaces.GetAddress(2), 9);
echoClient.SetAttribute(“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue(10));
echoClient.SetAttribute(“Interval”, TimeValue(Seconds(1.0)));
echoClient.SetAttribute(“PacketSize”, UintegerValue(1024));
ApplicationContainer clientApps = echoClient.Install(lteNodes.Get(0));
clientApps.Start(Seconds(2.0));
clientApps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));
Step 5: Enable Tracing
To analyze the network performance enable tracing.
// Enable tracing
pointToPoint.EnablePcapAll(“hybrid-network”);
wifiPhy.EnablePcap(“wifi”, wifiDevices.Get(0));
lteHelper->EnableTraces();
Full Example Code
Here is an complete example by combining all the steps.
#include “ns3/core-module.h”
#include “ns3/network-module.h”
#include “ns3/internet-module.h”
#include “ns3/point-to-point-module.h”
#include “ns3/wifi-module.h”
#include “ns3/lte-module.h”
#include “ns3/applications-module.h”
#include “ns3/mobility-module.h”
using namespace ns3;
NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE(“HybridNetworkSimulation”);
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
CommandLine cmd;
cmd.Parse(argc, argv);
// Create nodes
NodeContainer wifiNodes;
wifiNodes.Create(2);
NodeContainer p2pNodes;
p2pNodes.Create(2);
NodeContainer lteNodes;
lteNodes.Create(2);
NodeContainer gatewayNode;
gatewayNode.Create(1);
// Set up Wi-Fi network
YansWifiChannelHelper wifiChannel = YansWifiChannelHelper::Default();
YansWifiPhyHelper wifiPhy = YansWifiPhyHelper::Default();
wifiPhy.SetChannel(wifiChannel.Create());
WifiHelper wifi;
wifi.SetRemoteStationManager(“ns3::AarfWifiManager”);
WifiMacHelper wifiMac;
Ssid ssid = Ssid(“ns-3-ssid”);
wifiMac.SetType(“ns3::StaWifiMac”, “Ssid”, SsidValue(ssid), “ActiveProbing”, BooleanValue(false));
NetDeviceContainer wifiDevices;
wifiDevices = wifi.Install(wifiPhy, wifiMac, wifiNodes);
wifiMac.SetType(“ns3::ApWifiMac”, “Ssid”, SsidValue(ssid));
wifiDevices.Add(wifi.Install(wifiPhy, wifiMac, gatewayNode.Get(0)));
// Set up point-to-point network
PointToPointHelper pointToPoint;
pointToPoint.SetDeviceAttribute(“DataRate”, StringValue(“10Mbps”));
pointToPoint.SetChannelAttribute(“Delay”, StringValue(“2ms”));
NetDeviceContainer p2pDevices;
p2pDevices = pointToPoint.Install(p2pNodes);
p2pDevices.Add(pointToPoint.Install(p2pNodes.Get(0), gatewayNode.Get(0)));
// Set up LTE network
Ptr<LteHelper> lteHelper = CreateObject<LteHelper>();
Ptr<PointToPointEpcHelper> epcHelper = CreateObject<PointToPointEpcHelper>();
lteHelper->SetEpcHelper(epcHelper);
Ptr<Node> pgw = epcHelper->GetPgwNode();
InternetStackHelper internet;
internet.Install(lteNodes);
internet.Install(gatewayNode);
NodeContainer ueNodes;
ueNodes.Add(lteNodes.Get(0));
NodeContainer enbNodes;
enbNodes.Add(lteNodes.Get(1));
NetDeviceContainer enbLteDevs = lteHelper->InstallEnbDevice(enbNodes);
NetDeviceContainer ueLteDevs = lteHelper->InstallUeDevice(ueNodes);
lteHelper->Attach(ueLteDevs, enbLteDevs.Get(0));
// Assign IP addresses
Ipv4AddressHelper address;
address.SetBase(“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);
Ipv4InterfaceContainer wifiInterfaces = address.Assign(wifiDevices);
address.SetBase(“10.2.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);
Ipv4InterfaceContainer p2pInterfaces = address.Assign(p2pDevices);
Ipv4InterfaceContainer ueIpIface;
ueIpIface = epcHelper->AssignUeIpv4Address(NetDeviceContainer(ueLteDevs));
Ptr<Node> ueNode = ueNodes.Get(0);
Ptr<Ipv4StaticRouting> ueStaticRouting = Ipv4RoutingHelper::GetRouting<Ipv4StaticRouting>(ueNode->GetObject<Ipv4>()->GetRoutingProtocol());
ueStaticRouting->SetDefaultRoute(epcHelper->GetUeDefaultGatewayAddress(), 1);
// Set up mobility
MobilityHelper mobility;
mobility.SetPositionAllocator(“ns3::GridPositionAllocator”,
“MinX”, DoubleValue(0.0),
“MinY”, DoubleValue(0.0),
“DeltaX”, DoubleValue(5.0),
“DeltaY”, DoubleValue(10.0),
“GridWidth”, UintegerValue(3),
“LayoutType”, StringValue(“RowFirst”));
mobility.SetMobilityModel(“ns3::ConstantPositionMobilityModel”);
mobility.Install(gatewayNode);
mobility.SetMobilityModel(“ns3::RandomWalk2dMobilityModel”,
“Bounds”, RectangleValue(Rectangle(-50, 50, -50, 50)));
mobility.Install(wifiNodes);
mobility.SetMobilityModel(“ns3::ConstantPositionMobilityModel”);
mobility.Install(p2pNodes);
// Install applications
UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer(9);
ApplicationContainer serverApps = echoServer.Install(gatewayNode.Get(0));
serverApps.Start(Seconds(1.0));
serverApps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));
UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient(p2pInterfaces.GetAddress(1), 9);
echoClient.SetAttribute(“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue(10));
echoClient.SetAttribute(“Interval”, TimeValue(Seconds(1.0)));
echoClient.SetAttribute(“PacketSize”, UintegerValue(1024));
ApplicationContainer clientApps = echoClient.Install(wifiNodes.Get(1));
clientApps.Start(Seconds(2.0));
clientApps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));
// Enable tracing
pointToPoint.EnablePcapAll(“hybrid-network”);
wifiPhy.EnablePcap(“wifi”, wifiDevices.Get(0));
lteHelper->EnableTraces();
Simulator::Run();
Simulator::Destroy();
return 0;
}
On the whole, we had a performance analysis on the implementation of interact different networks using ns3 by creating a hybrid network topology where different network technologies like Wi-Fi, ethernet, and LTE can coexist and communicate with each other.
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