To implement the Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) in ns3, we have to make a new MPLS specific modules and classes that needs to incorporated with ns3 environment after that it should be tested.
Here is the flow of procedures to implement the MPLS in ns3.
Prerequisites
- ns-3 Installation: Ensure ns-3 is installed on your system.
- C++ Programming: Knowledge of C++ is essential.
- Understanding of ns-3: Familiarity with ns-3 modules and basic simulation scripts.
Steps to Implement MPLS in ns-3
- Set Up the Development Environment
Make sure that you have installed ns3 environment. Then download it from official website.
- Create a New MPLS Module
Navigate to the src directory in ns-3 and create a new directory for your MPLS module.
cd ns-3.XX/src
mkdir mpls
cd mpls
mkdir model helper test
3. Define MPLS Classes and Headers
Create header and implementation files for MPLS in the model directory.
mpls.h
#ifndef MPLS_H
#define MPLS_H
#include “ns3/ipv4-address.h”
#include “ns3/packet.h”
#include “ns3/log.h”
namespace ns3 {
class MplsHeader : public Header
{
public:
MplsHeader ();
virtual ~MplsHeader ();
void SetLabel (uint32_t label);
void SetTtl (uint8_t ttl);
void SetTc (uint8_t tc);
void SetBos (bool bos);
uint32_t GetLabel () const;
uint8_t GetTtl () const;
uint8_t GetTc () const;
bool GetBos () const;
static TypeId GetTypeId (void);
virtual TypeId GetInstanceTypeId (void) const;
virtual void Print (std::ostream &os) const;
virtual uint32_t GetSerializedSize (void) const;
virtual void Serialize (Buffer::Iterator start) const;
virtual uint32_t Deserialize (Buffer::Iterator start);
private:
uint32_t m_label;
uint8_t m_ttl;
uint8_t m_tc;
bool m_bos;
};
} // namespace ns3
#endif // MPLS_H
mpls.cc
#include “mpls.h”
namespace ns3 {
NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE (“MplsHeader”);
MplsHeader::MplsHeader ()
: m_label (0),
m_ttl (0),
m_tc (0),
m_bos (0)
{
}
MplsHeader::~MplsHeader ()
{
}
void MplsHeader::SetLabel (uint32_t label) {
m_label = label;
}
void MplsHeader::SetTtl (uint8_t ttl) {
m_ttl = ttl;
}
void MplsHeader::SetTc (uint8_t tc) {
m_tc = tc;
}
void MplsHeader::SetBos (bool bos) {
m_bos = bos;
}
uint32_t MplsHeader::GetLabel () const {
return m_label;
}
uint8_t MplsHeader::GetTtl () const {
return m_ttl;
}
uint8_t MplsHeader::GetTc () const {
return m_tc;
}
bool MplsHeader::GetBos () const {
return m_bos;
}
TypeId MplsHeader::GetTypeId (void) {
static TypeId tid = TypeId (“ns3::MplsHeader”)
.SetParent<Header> ()
.SetGroupName (“Internet”)
.AddConstructor<MplsHeader> ();
return tid;
}
TypeId MplsHeader::GetInstanceTypeId (void) const {
return GetTypeId ();
}
void MplsHeader::Print (std::ostream &os) const {
os << “Label=” << m_label << ” TTL=” << static_cast<uint32_t> (m_ttl)
<< ” TC=” << static_cast<uint32_t> (m_tc) << ” BoS=” << m_bos;
}
uint32_t MplsHeader::GetSerializedSize (void) const {
return 4;
}
void MplsHeader::Serialize (Buffer::Iterator start) const {
uint32_t value = (m_label << 12) | (m_tc << 9) | (m_bos << 8) | m_ttl;
start.WriteHtonU32 (value);
}
uint32_t MplsHeader::Deserialize (Buffer::Iterator start) {
uint32_t value = start.ReadNtohU32 ();
m_label = (value >> 12) & 0xFFFFF;
m_tc = (value >> 9) & 0x7;
m_bos = (value >> 8) & 0x1;
m_ttl = value & 0xFF;
return GetSerializedSize ();
}
} // namespace ns3
4. Create MPLS Helper and Forwarding Classes
Create helper and forwarding classes to facilitate the use and testing of MPLS.
mpls-helper.h
#ifndef MPLS_HELPER_H
#define MPLS_HELPER_H
#include “ns3/ipv4-routing-helper.h”
#include “ns3/mpls.h”
#include “ns3/node-container.h”
namespace ns3 {
class MplsHelper : public Ipv4RoutingHelper {
public:
MplsHelper ();
virtual ~MplsHelper ();
MplsHelper* Copy (void) const;
virtual Ptr<Ipv4RoutingProtocol> Create (Ptr<Node> node) const;
private:
// Additional methods for MPLS functionality
};
} // namespace ns3
#endif // MPLS_HELPER_H
mpls-helper.cc
#include “mpls-helper.h”
#include “ns3/ipv4-list-routing.h”
#include “ns3/log.h”
namespace ns3 {
NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE (“MplsHelper”);
MplsHelper::MplsHelper () {
}
MplsHelper::~MplsHelper () {
}
MplsHelper* MplsHelper::Copy (void) const {
return new MplsHelper (*this);
}
Ptr<Ipv4RoutingProtocol> MplsHelper::Create (Ptr<Node> node) const {
// Implement MPLS routing protocol creation logic
return CreateObject<Ipv4ListRouting> ();
}
} // namespace ns3
5. Integrate MPLS with ns-3 Build System
Update the wscript file in the src directory to include your new MPLS module.
src/mpls/wscript
def build(bld):
module = bld.create_ns3_module(‘mpls’, [‘core’, ‘network’, ‘internet’])
module.source = [
‘model/mpls.cc’,
‘helper/mpls-helper.cc’,
]
headers = bld(features=’ns3header’)
headers.module = ‘mpls’
headers.source = [
‘model/mpls.h’,
‘helper/mpls-helper.h’,
]
- Build and Test
- Rebuild ns-3 to include your new MPLS module.
./waf configure
./waf build
- Create test scripts to verify the implementation of your MPLS protocol.
scratch/test-mpls.cc
#include “ns3/core-module.h”
#include “ns3/network-module.h”
#include “ns3/internet-module.h”
#include “ns3/mpls-helper.h”
#include “ns3/ipv4-static-routing-helper.h”
#include “ns3/ipv4-list-routing-helper.h”
using namespace ns3;
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
CommandLine cmd;
cmd.Parse (argc, argv);
NodeContainer nodes;
nodes.Create (2);
InternetStackHelper internet;
MplsHelper mpls;
Ipv4ListRoutingHelper list;
list.Add (mpls, 10);
internet.SetRoutingHelper (list);
internet.Install (nodes);
// Add additional setup code for MPLS here
Simulator::Run ();
Simulator::Destroy ();
return 0;
}
7. Run and Debug
Run your test script and debug any issues that arise.
./waf –run scratch/test-mpls
Finally, we can clearly know about how the MPLS will perform and execute in ns3 simulation.
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