To implement network design optimization in ns3, we need to create a network topology that defines optimization goals, and using optimization algorithms to improve network performance.
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Here is a complete guide to implement network design optimization using ns3 features.
Steps for implementation
Step 1: Set up the simulation
Make sure that ns3 is installed in the computer. If not, install it.
Step 2: Create the network topology
Define the network topology with four nodes connected by point-to-point links.
#include “ns3/core-module.h”
#include “ns3/network-module.h”
#include “ns3/internet-module.h”
#include “ns3/point-to-point-module.h”
#include “ns3/applications-module.h”
using namespace ns3;
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
CommandLine cmd;
cmd.Parse (argc, argv);
NodeContainer nodes;
nodes.Create (4);
PointToPointHelper pointToPoint;
pointToPoint.SetDeviceAttribute (“DataRate”, StringValue (“5Mbps”));
pointToPoint.SetChannelAttribute (“Delay”, StringValue (“2ms”));
NetDeviceContainer devices01;
devices01 = pointToPoint.Install (nodes.Get(0), nodes.Get(1));
NetDeviceContainer devices12;
devices12 = pointToPoint.Install (nodes.Get(1), nodes.Get(2));
NetDeviceContainer devices23;
devices23 = pointToPoint.Install (nodes.Get(2), nodes.Get(3));
InternetStackHelper stack;
stack.Install (nodes);
Ipv4AddressHelper address;
address.SetBase (“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);
Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces01 = address.Assign (devices01);
address.SetBase (“10.1.2.0”, “255.255.255.0”);
Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces12 = address.Assign (devices12);
address.SetBase (“10.1.3.0”, “255.255.255.0”);
Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces23 = address.Assign (devices23);
UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer (9);
ApplicationContainer serverApps = echoServer.Install (nodes.Get (3));
serverApps.Start (Seconds (1.0));
serverApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));
UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient (interfaces23.GetAddress (1), 9);
echoClient.SetAttribute (“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue (1));
echoClient.SetAttribute (“Interval”, TimeValue (Seconds (1.0)));
echoClient.SetAttribute (“PacketSize”, UintegerValue (1024));
ApplicationContainer clientApps = echoClient.Install (nodes.Get (0));
clientApps.Start (Seconds (2.0));
clientApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));
Ipv4GlobalRoutingHelper::PopulateRoutingTables ();
Simulator::Run ();
Simulator::Destroy ();
return 0;
}
Step 3: Define Optimization Goals
For your network, define the optimization goals. Some of the common goals are minimizing latency, maximizing throughput, reducing energy consumption, or balancing the network load. For an instance, let’s minimize latency and maximize throughput.
Step 4: Implement Optimization Algorithms
Implement optimization algorithms such as genetic algorithms, simulated annealing, or machine learning-based techniques to optimize the network design. Here is a basic example that uses a greedy algorithm to optimize link capacities for throughput.
Step 5: Collect and Analyze Data
To collect relevant data, such as latency and throughput modify the simulation. Analyze the results to optimize the process.
#include “ns3/flow-monitor-helper.h”
// Add these lines before Simulator::Run();
FlowMonitorHelper flowmonHelper;
Ptr<FlowMonitor> monitor = flowmonHelper.InstallAll ();
// Add these lines after Simulator::Destroy();
monitor->CheckForLostPackets ();
Ptr<Ipv4FlowClassifier> classifier = DynamicCast<Ipv4FlowClassifier> (flowmonHelper.GetClassifier ());
std::map<FlowId, FlowMonitor::FlowStats> stats = monitor->GetFlowStats ();
for (std::map<FlowId, FlowMonitor::FlowStats>::const_iterator i = stats.begin (); i != stats.end (); ++i)
{
Ipv4FlowClassifier::FiveTuple t = classifier->FindFlow (i->first);
std::cout << “Flow ID: ” << i->first << ” Source Address: ” << t.sourceAddress << ” Destination Address: ” << t.destinationAddress << std::endl;
std::cout << “Tx Packets = ” << i->second.txPackets << std::endl;
std::cout << “Rx Packets = ” << i->second.rxPackets << std::endl;
std::cout << “Throughput: ” << i->second.rxBytes * 8.0 / (i->second.timeLastRxPacket.GetSeconds () – i->second.timeFirstTxPacket.GetSeconds ()) / 1024 / 1024 << ” Mbps” << std::endl;
}
Step 6: Implement the Optimization Loop
Implement an optimization loop that iteratively adjusts the network configuration to meet the optimization goals.
#include <algorithm>
void OptimizeNetwork(NodeContainer &nodes, PointToPointHelper &pointToPoint)
{
double bestThroughput = 0.0;
std::vector<std::string> dataRates = {“1Mbps”, “5Mbps”, “10Mbps”, “20Mbps”};
for (auto &dataRate : dataRates)
{
pointToPoint.SetDeviceAttribute(“DataRate”, StringValue(dataRate));
// Reset and reinstall the network stack and applications
InternetStackHelper stack;
stack.Install(nodes);
Ipv4AddressHelper address;
address.SetBase(“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);
Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces01 = address.Assign(devices01);
address.SetBase(“10.1.2.0”, “255.255.255.0”);
Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces12 = address.Assign(devices12);
address.SetBase(“10.1.3.0”, “255.255.255.0”);
Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces23 = address.Assign(devices23);
UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer(9);
ApplicationContainer serverApps = echoServer.Install(nodes.Get(3));
serverApps.Start(Seconds(1.0));
serverApps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));
UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient(interfaces23.GetAddress(1), 9);
echoClient.SetAttribute(“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue(1));
echoClient.SetAttribute(“Interval”, TimeValue(Seconds(1.0)));
echoClient.SetAttribute(“PacketSize”, UintegerValue(1024));
ApplicationContainer clientApps = echoClient.Install(nodes.Get(0));
clientApps.Start(Seconds(2.0));
clientApps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));
Ipv4GlobalRoutingHelper::PopulateRoutingTables();
Simulator::Run();
Simulator::Destroy();
// Collect and analyze data
monitor->CheckForLostPackets();
Ptr<Ipv4FlowClassifier> classifier = DynamicCast<Ipv4FlowClassifier>(flowmonHelper.GetClassifier());
std::map<FlowId, FlowMonitor::FlowStats> stats = monitor->GetFlowStats();
double totalThroughput = 0.0;
for (const auto &i : stats)
{
totalThroughput += i.second.rxBytes * 8.0 / (i.second.timeLastRxPacket.GetSeconds() – i.second.timeFirstTxPacket.GetSeconds()) / 1024 / 1024;
}
if (totalThroughput > bestThroughput)
{
bestThroughput = totalThroughput;
// Save the best configuration
}
}
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
CommandLine cmd;
cmd.Parse(argc, argv);
NodeContainer nodes;
nodes.Create(4);
PointToPointHelper pointToPoint;
pointToPoint.SetDeviceAttribute(“DataRate”, StringValue(“5Mbps”));
pointToPoint.SetChannelAttribute(“Delay”, StringValue(“2ms”));
NetDeviceContainer devices01;
devices01 = pointToPoint.Install(nodes.Get(0), nodes.Get(1));
NetDeviceContainer devices12;
devices12 = pointToPoint.Install(nodes.Get(1), nodes.Get(2));
NetDeviceContainer devices23;
devices23 = pointToPoint.Install(nodes.Get(2), nodes.Get(3));
OptimizeNetwork(nodes, pointToPoint);
return 0;
}
Step 7: Run the Simulation
Compile and run the script.
./waf configure
./waf build
./waf –run <your_script_name>
Step 8: Analyze the Results
We can analyze the results to verify if the optimization goals were met and adjust the optimization algorithm as necessary after the simulation.
On the whole, we had a performance analysis on the implementation of network design optimization by creating a scenario where data from multiple sources is combined or fused at a node. Also, we provide a detailed explanation on Network Design Optimization.