M.Tech Communication Systems Projects

In this paper six different available classes of Stub-Series Terminated Logic (SSTL) Input/output standard is used for the design of Green Fibonacci generator on 40nm FGPA. That green Fibonacci Generator is used to generate key for Wi-Fi Protected Access in order to make energy efficientcommunication or green communication possible. Six SSTL I/O standards include SSTL18_I, SSTL18_II, SSTL18_I_DCI (S18ID), SS18IID (S18IID), SSTL15 and SSTL15_DCI. We compared I/O power of SSTL18_I with SSTL18_II, S18ID with S18IID and SSTL15 with SSTL15_DCI on different frequencies ranging from 1GHz-1THz.

After comparison it is observed that, SSTL15 is the most energy efficient and S18IIDis the worst energy efficient. Then on comparison of SSTL15 with SSTL18_II_DCI (S18IID), it is found that, when Fibonacci generator is operated at different frequencies like 1GHz, 10GHz, 100GHz and 1THz, the reduction in I/O power requirement of SSTL15 is 77.00%, 45.89%, 19.23% and 14.41% respectively, less than S18IID.

The communication between the grid control center (GCC) to aggregator and aggregator to Electrical Vehicles (EV) is very important in order to support the grid requirements and meet the load demand in a short duration of time. The aggregator sends the power requirement information to EVs and EVs have to receive this information irrespective of either being parked or moving.

The EVs which have received this information can communicate the same to other EVs which have not received it. The Long Term Evolution (LTE) protocol is proposed for EV to EV communication in V2G to facilitate the participation of EVs in power transaction. The downlink physical layer of LTE protocol is modeled using MATLAB/SIMULINK and its performance is investigated.

A novel miniature folded square patch antenna is proposed and developed for Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers. Four different lengths of meander strips connected to the four edges of the square patch of a single coaxial-feed square patch antenna are folded to obtain a circularly polarized antenna. Properly positioning the coaxial feed on the square patch excites two orthogonal resonant modes with a 90 ^° phase difference and achieves a pure circular polarization. Conventional antennas for roof-mounted vehicle communication devices use commercially available ceramic corner-truncated patches whereas the proposed GPS antenna is designed to use a less expensive and more compact FR4 patch.

Experiments also showed that mounting the proposed GPS antenna in different locations on the roof of a vehicle had little effect on circular polarization radiation. The fabricated prototype revealed an impedance bandwidth of 2.1% and a 3-dB axial-ratio bandwidth approximating 0.76% at a GPS frequency of 1575 MHz. Experiments confirmed that the characteristics of the proposed antenna were consistent with the simulation results.

In this paper, we consider the problem of constellation design for a visible light communication (VLC) system using red/green/blue light-emitting diodes (RGB LED), and propose a method termed dc-informative joint color-frequency modulation (DCI-JCFM). This method jointly utilizes available diversity resources including different optical wavelengths, multiple baseband subcarriers, and adaptive dc-bias. Constellation is designed in a high-dimensional space, where the compact sphere packing advantage over lower dimensional counterparts is utilized.

Taking into account multiple practical illumination constraints, a non-convex optimization problem is formulated, seeking the least error rate with a fixed spectral efficiency. The proposed scheme is compared with a decoupled scheme, where constellation is designed separately for each LED. Notable gains for DCI-JCFM are observed through simulations, where balanced, unbalanced, and very unbalanced color illuminations are considered.

This technical note studies the problem of distributed fusion estimation for a class of networked multi-sensor fusion systems (NMFSs) with limited communication capacity and affected by sensor noises and disturbances. A novel data compression strategy is proposed to reduce communication cost, which leads to a stochastic model describing the communication capacity.

To obtain an optimal weighting fusion criterion, the distributed mixed H2=H∞ fusion estimation problem is converted into a convex optimization problem by using Lyapunov theory and matrix analysis approach, which can be easily solved by standard software packages. The obtained fusion estimator gains are time-invariant, which will not increase computation cost of the fusion center. An illustrative example is given to show the effectiveness of the proposed methods.

A photovoltaic (PV) system has been widely deployed in residential areas to reduce energy cost. However, it is not monitored in detail or managed in a user-friendly manner in many cases. Therefore, a PV monitoring system needs to provide both detailed monitoring of each PV module and a user-friendly way of access to the monitored data. In addition, the PV monitoring system needs to be low-cost to be widely deployed. To achieve these needs, this paper proposes a user-friendly PV monitoring system based on a low-cost power line communication (PLC).

For cost reduction, the PLC module is developed without a communication modem. For detailed monitoring, the PLC modules are installed at each PV module; the data logger aggregates the monitored data of each PV module and the PV inverter. For userfriendly access, a smart app is used to show the aggregated data graphically. In the field test, the developed PV monitoring system is installed at a real PV system composed of sixteen 400 W PV module; users can figure out the status of the whole PV system through a smart device. This scheme is expected to reduce energy cost in residential areas by maintaining a PV system performance.

This paper presents an evaluation of Doppler Shift and Doppler Rate for the communication HEO satellites. A method for Doppler shift compensation is consideredwhich allows increasing channel capacity.

In a cellular network, connections between the Base Station (BS) and Mobile Stations (MS) may fail when the channel is in a deep fade. Shadow fading is large-scale fading which can cause significant received power loss for a wide area. This will lead to lost connections and/or packet loss which is harmful to mobile users, especially to those who are using real-time applications such as video conferencing. Cooperative communication is an efficient way to reduce outage and provide better Quality of Service (QoS) support for delay sensitive applications. A third station, which is often referred as a relay, can be used to forward signals between the BS and the MS.

This paper focuses on a study of the performance of relay deployments under correlated shadow fading. We consider the downlink direction in a single cell deployment, for which the shadowing effect is modeled as an angle and distance based correlated shadowing. The received signal-to- noise ratio (SNR) is then calculated by assuming jointly Gaussian shadow fading at the MS. Simulation results show channel variations over time with fixed user speed under different relay deployments. These results demonstrate that a modest number of relays can improve the performance of real-time applications significantly.

This paper proposes a novel design of an optical wireless communications (OWC) receiver using a solar panel as a photodetector. The proposed system is capable of simultaneous data transmission and energy harvesting. The solar panel can convert a modulated light signal into an electrical signal without any external power requirements. Furthermore, the direct current (DC) component of the modulated light can be harvested in the proposed receiver. The generated energy can potentially be used to power a user terminal or at least to prolong its operation time.

The current work discusses the various parameters which need to be considered in the design of a system using a solar panel for simultaneous communication and energy harvesting. The presented theory is supported with an experimental implementation of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), thus, proving the validity of the analysis and demonstrating the feasibility of the proposed receiver. Using the propounded system, acommunication link with a data rate of 11.84 Mbps is established for a received optical signal with a peak-to-peak amplitude of 0.7 × 10^-3 W/cm².

A novel broadband chaos-based coherent binary phase shift keying (BPSK) communication system is proposed and it is demonstrated that its theoretical probability of error expression matches that of a conventional narrowband BPSK system. The result is confirmed with the corresponding empirical bit error rate (BER) simulation.

Most importantly, it is shown that the proposed system outperforms the chaotic communication systems in terms of BER while also being more practicable. The proposedsystem thus holds high promise as the chaotic communication systems pose implementation difficulties, lack robust synchronisation techniques and are generally considered of academic interest only.