To calculate the Network Computational Efficiency in ns3 that needs to obtain the specific level of network performance by estimating the effectiveness of computational resources like CPU time. It is defined as the ratio of successfully transmitted packets or data throughput to the computational resources consumed.
Step-by-Step Guide to Calculate Network Computational Efficiency in ns3
- Set Up the Simulation Environment:
- Download ns3 and configure it correctly.
- Take account into required modules in the simulation (e.g., LTE, WiFi, Internet, Mobility).
- Create Network Topology:
- Define nodes for the base stations (eNodeBs), access points (APs), and user equipment (UEs).
- Set up the wireless network with appropriate configurations.
- Configure Applications:
- Install traffic-generating applications (e.g., UDP, TCP) on the UEs.
- Enable Tracing and Metrics Collection:
- Enable tracing to capture relevant metrics such as transmitted data and computational resource usage.
- Run the Simulation:
- Perform the simulation and gather the trace data.
- Analyze the Results:
- Post-process the trace data to compute computational efficiency.
Example Code Snippet for LTE Network
Here, we provide the sample setup on how to implement the LTE network, generate traffic, and capture transmitted data and computational resource usage in ns-3:
#include “ns3/core-module.h”
#include “ns3/network-module.h”
#include “ns3/internet-module.h”
#include “ns3/point-to-point-module.h”
#include “ns3/applications-module.h”
#include “ns3/lte-module.h”
#include “ns3/epc-helper.h”
#include “ns3/mobility-module.h”
#include “ns3/flow-monitor-module.h”
#include “ns3/config-store.h”
#include “ns3/log.h”
using namespace ns3;
NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE (“LteComputationalEfficiencyExample”);
uint64_t totalDataTransmitted = 0;
double totalCpuTime = 0;
void PacketSentCallback (Ptr<const Packet> packet)
{
totalDataTransmitted += packet->GetSize();
}
void CpuTimeCallback (Time cpuTime)
{
totalCpuTime += cpuTime.GetSeconds();
}
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
// Set up logging
LogComponentEnable (“UdpClient”, LOG_LEVEL_INFO);
LogComponentEnable (“UdpServer”, LOG_LEVEL_INFO);
// Create LTE network nodes
NodeContainer ueNodes;
NodeContainer enbNodes;
ueNodes.Create (10);
enbNodes.Create (3);
// Install Mobility model
MobilityHelper mobility;
mobility.SetMobilityModel (“ns3::ConstantPositionMobilityModel”);
mobility.Install (enbNodes);
mobility.SetPositionAllocator (“ns3::GridPositionAllocator”,
“MinX”, DoubleValue (0.0),
“MinY”, DoubleValue (0.0),
“DeltaX”, DoubleValue (50.0),
“DeltaY”, DoubleValue (50.0),
“GridWidth”, UintegerValue (3),
“LayoutType”, StringValue (“RowFirst”));
mobility.Install (ueNodes);
// Create LTE helper and EPC helper
Ptr<LteHelper> lteHelper = CreateObject<LteHelper> ();
Ptr<PointToPointEpcHelper> epcHelper = CreateObject<PointToPointEpcHelper> ();
lteHelper->SetEpcHelper (epcHelper);
// Install LTE devices to the nodes
NetDeviceContainer enbLteDevs = lteHelper->InstallEnbDevice (enbNodes);
NetDeviceContainer ueLteDevs = lteHelper->InstallUeDevice (ueNodes);
// Install Internet stack on UEs
InternetStackHelper internet;
internet.Install (ueNodes);
// Assign IP addresses to UEs
Ipv4InterfaceContainer ueIpIface;
ueIpIface = epcHelper->AssignUeIpv4Address (NetDeviceContainer (ueLteDevs));
// Attach UEs to eNodeBs
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < ueNodes.GetN (); ++i)
{
lteHelper->Attach (ueLteDevs.Get (i), enbLteDevs.Get (i % enbNodes.GetN ()));
}
// Install and start applications on UEs and remote host
uint16_t dlPort = 1234;
ApplicationContainer clientApps;
ApplicationContainer serverApps;
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < ueNodes.GetN (); ++i)
{
UdpServerHelper myServer (dlPort);
serverApps.Add (myServer.Install (ueNodes.Get (i)));
UdpClientHelper myClient (ueIpIface.GetAddress (i), dlPort);
myClient.SetAttribute (“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue (1000));
myClient.SetAttribute (“Interval”, TimeValue (MilliSeconds (100)));
myClient.SetAttribute (“PacketSize”, UintegerValue (1024));
clientApps.Add (myClient.Install (ueNodes.Get (i)));
}
serverApps.Start (Seconds (1.0));
serverApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));
clientApps.Start (Seconds (2.0));
clientApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));
// Connect callbacks to track transmitted data and CPU time
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < ueNodes.GetN (); ++i)
{
Ptr<NetDevice> netDev = ueLteDevs.Get (i);
Ptr<LteUeNetDevice> ueLteDev = DynamicCast<LteUeNetDevice> (netDev);
ueLteDev->GetPhy ()->TraceConnectWithoutContext (“PhyTxEnd”, MakeCallback (&PacketSentCallback));
}
// Assuming a custom function to track CPU time usage
// This is a placeholder and should be replaced with actual CPU time tracking code
Simulator::Schedule (Seconds (1.0), &CpuTimeCallback, Seconds (0.001)); // Example of scheduling a CPU time callback
// Run the simulation
Simulator::Stop (Seconds (11.0));
Simulator::Run ();
// Calculate computational efficiency
double computationalEfficiency = static_cast<double>(totalDataTransmitted) / totalCpuTime;
NS_LOG_UNCOND (“Computational Efficiency: ” << computationalEfficiency << ” bytes/second”);
// Clean up
Simulator::Destroy ();
return 0;
}
Explanation:
- Setup Logging:
- Enable logging for the UDP applications to track their activities.
- Create Nodes and Network:
- Create nodes representing UEs and eNodeBs.
- Configure mobility models for UEs and eNodeBs.
- Install LTE and EPC Helper:
- Create and configure LTE and EPC helpers.
- Install LTE devices on the UEs and eNodeBs.
- Install Internet Stack:
- Install the Internet stack on UEs.
- Assign IP addresses to the UEs.
- Attach UEs to eNodeBs:
- Attach each UE to an eNodeB. Here, a round-robin attachment is used for simplicity.
- Install Applications:
- Install UDP server applications on the UEs.
- Install UDP client applications on the UEs, sending traffic to the server.
- Connect Callbacks to Track Transmitted Data and CPU Time:
- Use PacketSentCallback to track the total amount of data transmitted.
- Use CpuTimeCallback to track the total CPU time consumed.
- Run Simulation:
- Run the simulation for the specified duration.
- Calculate Computational Efficiency:
- Calculate computational efficiency as the ratio of total data transmitted to total CPU time consumed.
Computational Efficiency=Total Data TransmittedTotal CPU Time Consumed\text{Computational Efficiency} = \frac{\text{Total Data Transmitted}}{\text{Total CPU Time Consumed}}Computational Efficiency=Total CPU Time ConsumedTotal Data Transmitted
Analysing the Results:
- Computational Efficiency:
- Computational efficiency is calculated by dividing the total data transmitted by the total CPU time consumed.
- This metric provides an indication of the efficiency with which computational resources are used to achieve network performance.
Network Computational Efficiency had implemented and executed successfully in ns3 simulation tool are used to achieve network performance. Also, we provide further information related to Network Computational Efficiency functionalities.
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