To implement the dynamic offloading in ns3, depends on specific criteria like load, energy consumption or network conditions, we have to create a network in which the tasks should be dynamically offloaded from one node to another.
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Here’s a step-by-step implementation process in the following below:
Step 1: Setup ns3 Environment
Make sure that ns3 is installed in your computer.
Step 2: Include Necessary Modules
After installation, include the necessary ns3 modules given below in your script:
#include “ns3/core-module.h”
#include “ns3/network-module.h”
#include “ns3/internet-module.h”
#include “ns3/point-to-point-module.h”
#include “ns3/applications-module.h”
#include “ns3/energy-module.h”
#include “ns3/wifi-module.h”
#include “ns3/mobility-module.h”
Step 3: Create the Simulation Script
- Setup Nodes and Network:
using namespace ns3;
NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE (“DynamicOffloading”);
void DynamicOffload (Ptr<Node> srcNode, Ptr<Node> dstNode)
{
NS_LOG_UNCOND (“Offloading from Node ” << srcNode->GetId () << ” to Node ” << dstNode->GetId ());
// Simulate offloading logic here, e.g., migrating a task/application or data
}
void CheckAndOffload (NodeContainer nodes, Ptr<BasicEnergySource> energySource, double energyThreshold)
{
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < nodes.GetN (); ++i)
{
Ptr<Node> node = nodes.Get (i);
double remainingEnergy = energySource->GetRemainingEnergy ();
if (remainingEnergy < energyThreshold)
{
// Find the best node to offload to (for simplicity, we choose the next node)
Ptr<Node> offloadNode = nodes.Get ((i + 1) % nodes.GetN ());
DynamicOffload (node, offloadNode);
}
}
// Schedule the next check
Simulator::Schedule (Seconds (5.0), &CheckAndOffload, nodes, energySource, energyThreshold);
}
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
CommandLine cmd;
cmd.Parse (argc, argv);
// Create nodes
NodeContainer nodes;
nodes.Create (4);
// Set up Wi-Fi
WifiHelper wifi;
wifi.SetStandard (WIFI_PHY_STANDARD_80211n_2_4GHZ);
YansWifiPhyHelper phy = YansWifiPhyHelper::Default ();
YansWifiChannelHelper channel = YansWifiChannelHelper::Default ();
phy.SetChannel (channel.Create ());
WifiMacHelper mac;
Ssid ssid = Ssid (“ns-3-ssid”);
mac.SetType (“ns3::StaWifiMac”,
“Ssid”, SsidValue (ssid),
“ActiveProbing”, BooleanValue (false));
NetDeviceContainer devices = wifi.Install (phy, mac, nodes);
mac.SetType (“ns3::ApWifiMac”,
“Ssid”, SsidValue (ssid));
wifi.Install (phy, mac, nodes.Get (0)); // Set node 0 as AP
// Set up mobility
MobilityHelper mobility;
mobility.SetMobilityModel (“ns3::ConstantPositionMobilityModel”);
mobility.Install (nodes);
// Install Internet stack
InternetStackHelper stack;
stack.Install (nodes);
// Assign IP addresses
Ipv4AddressHelper address;
address.SetBase (“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);
Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign (devices);
// Set up energy model
BasicEnergySourceHelper basicSourceHelper;
basicSourceHelper.Set (“BasicEnergySourceInitialEnergyJ”, DoubleValue (100.0));
EnergySourceContainer sources = basicSourceHelper.Install (nodes);
WifiRadioEnergyModelHelper radioEnergyHelper;
radioEnergyHelper.Set (“TxCurrentA”, DoubleValue (0.0174));
radioEnergyHelper.Set (“RxCurrentA”, DoubleValue (0.0197));
DeviceEnergyModelContainer deviceModels = radioEnergyHelper.Install (devices, sources);
// Set up applications
UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer (9);
ApplicationContainer serverApps = echoServer.Install (nodes.Get (0));
serverApps.Start (Seconds (1.0));
serverApps.Stop (Seconds (20.0));
UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient (interfaces.GetAddress (0), 9);
echoClient.SetAttribute (“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue (1000));
echoClient.SetAttribute (“Interval”, TimeValue (Seconds (1.0)));
echoClient.SetAttribute (“PacketSize”, UintegerValue (1024));
ApplicationContainer clientApps = echoClient.Install (nodes.Get (1));
clientApps.Start (Seconds (2.0));
clientApps.Stop (Seconds (20.0));
// Schedule dynamic offloading check
double energyThreshold = 50.0; // Threshold energy level for offloading
Simulator::Schedule (Seconds (5.0), &CheckAndOffload, nodes, sources.Get (1), energyThreshold);
Simulator::Stop (Seconds (20.0));
Simulator::Run ();
Simulator::Destroy ();
return 0;
}
- Run the Simulation: Compile and run your simulation script:
./waf configure
./waf build
./waf –run DynamicOffloading
Explanation:
- Node Creation: Create nodes representing devices in the network.
- Wi-Fi Setup: Configure Wi-Fi for communication between nodes.
- Mobility: We have to set constant positions so that the nodes can symbolize their locations.
- Internet Stack: Install the Internet stack on all nodes.
- IP Configuration: Assign IP addresses to the nodes.
- Energy Model: simulate energy consumption by installing the energy model on the nodes.
- Applications: Use UDP Echo server and client applications to simulate data transmission.
- Dynamic Offloading: Simulate the offloading logic by executing a DynamicOffload function. We have to check the energy levels of the offloading and if needed, triggers them using CheckAndOffload in regular intervals.
Step 4: Advanced Dynamic Offloading Techniques
- Load-Based Offloading: Depends on node load (scenarios like CPU usage or network traffic) we have to execute offloading.
void CheckAndOffload (NodeContainer nodes, Ptr<BasicEnergySource> energySource, double energyThreshold, double loadThreshold)
{
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < nodes.GetN (); ++i)
{
Ptr<Node> node = nodes.Get (i);
double remainingEnergy = energySource->GetRemainingEnergy ();
double nodeLoad = … // Implement logic to get node load
if (remainingEnergy < energyThreshold || nodeLoad > loadThreshold)
{
Ptr<Node> offloadNode = nodes.Get ((i + 1) % nodes.GetN ());
DynamicOffload (node, offloadNode);
}
}
Simulator::Schedule (Seconds (5.0), &CheckAndOffload, nodes, energySource, energyThreshold, loadThreshold);
}
Network Condition-Based Offloading: Offload task depends on network conditions like latency or bandwidth.
void CheckAndOffload (NodeContainer nodes, Ptr<BasicEnergySource> energySource, double energyThreshold, double latencyThreshold)
{
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < nodes.GetN (); ++i)
{
Ptr<Node> node = nodes.Get (i);
double remainingEnergy = energySource->GetRemainingEnergy ();
double networkLatency = … // Implement logic to measure network latency
if (remainingEnergy < energyThreshold || networkLatency > latencyThreshold)
{
Ptr<Node> offloadNode = nodes.Get ((i + 1) % nodes.GetN ());
DynamicOffload (node, offloadNode);
}
}
Simulator::Schedule (Seconds (5.0), &CheckAndOffload, nodes, energySource, energyThreshold, latencyThreshold);
}
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