To calculate network redundancy in ns3, we need to find out the level of redundancy using network topology and communication paths. In a network which has multiple paths between nodes, then only the communication can still go through another path if one path fails this type of method in network is called Redundancy. Here the step-by-step guide given to calculate the Network Redundancy.
Step-by-step guide to Calculate Network Redundancy in ns3:
- Set Up the NS3 Environment:
- Make sure ns3 is installed.
- Define the Network Topology:
- Create a network topology with nodes and links. For redundancy, we have to set up multiple paths between nodes.
- Implement Redundancy Calculation:
- By using graph algorithms like finding all paths or checking for connectivity calculate the number of redundant paths between nodes.
- Run the Simulation:
- Execute the simulation and compute the redundancy metrics.
Example Code
Here an example of how to set up a simple ns3 simulation to calculate network redundancy, by using a basic graph approach to determine multiple paths between nodes.
#include “ns3/core-module.h”
#include “ns3/network-module.h”
#include “ns3/internet-module.h”
#include “ns3/point-to-point-module.h”
#include “ns3/applications-module.h”
using namespace ns3;
NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE (“NetworkRedundancyExample”);
class NetworkRedundancy
{
public:
NetworkRedundancy (Ptr<Node> node, Ptr<Node> destination, Ipv4InterfaceContainer &interfaces);
void CalculateRedundancy ();
private:
Ptr<Node> m_node;
Ptr<Node> m_destination;
Ipv4InterfaceContainer &m_interfaces;
std::vector<std::vector<uint32_t>> FindAllPaths (uint32_t start, uint32_t end);
void DFS (uint32_t start, uint32_t end, std::vector<bool> &visited, std::vector<uint32_t> &path, std::vector<std::vector<uint32_t>> &paths);
};
NetworkRedundancy::NetworkRedundancy (Ptr<Node> node, Ptr<Node> destination, Ipv4InterfaceContainer &interfaces)
: m_node (node), m_destination (destination), m_interfaces (interfaces)
{
}
void
NetworkRedundancy::CalculateRedundancy ()
{
uint32_t start = m_node->GetId ();
uint32_t end = m_destination->GetId ();
std::vector<std::vector<uint32_t>> paths = FindAllPaths (start, end);
NS_LOG_UNCOND (“Number of redundant paths: ” << paths.size ());
for (const auto &path : paths)
{
NS_LOG_UNCOND (“Path: “);
for (const auto &node : path)
{
NS_LOG_UNCOND (node << ” “);
}
NS_LOG_UNCOND (“”);
}
}
std::vector<std::vector<uint32_t>>
NetworkRedundancy::FindAllPaths (uint32_t start, uint32_t end)
{
std::vector<std::vector<uint32_t>> paths;
std::vector<uint32_t> path;
std::vector<bool> visited (m_interfaces.GetN (), false);
DFS (start, end, visited, path, paths);
return paths;
}
void
NetworkRedundancy::DFS (uint32_t start, uint32_t end, std::vector<bool> &visited, std::vector<uint32_t> &path, std::vector<std::vector<uint32_t>> &paths)
{
visited[start] = true;
path.push_back (start);
if (start == end)
{
paths.push_back (path);
}
else
{
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < m_interfaces.GetN (); ++i)
{
if (i != start && !visited[i])
{
DFS (i, end, visited, path, paths);
}
}
}
path.pop_back ();
visited[start] = false;
}
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
CommandLine cmd;
cmd.Parse (argc, argv);
Time::SetResolution (Time::NS);
NodeContainer nodes;
nodes.Create (5);
PointToPointHelper pointToPoint;
pointToPoint.SetDeviceAttribute (“DataRate”, StringValue (“5Mbps”));
pointToPoint.SetChannelAttribute (“Delay”, StringValue (“2ms”));
NetDeviceContainer devices;
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < nodes.GetN () – 1; ++i)
{
for (uint32_t j = i + 1; j < nodes.GetN (); ++j)
{
devices.Add (pointToPoint.Install (nodes.Get (i), nodes.Get (j)));
}
}
InternetStackHelper stack;
stack.Install (nodes);
Ipv4AddressHelper address;
address.SetBase (“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);
Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign (devices);
Ptr<Node> node = nodes.Get (0);
Ptr<Node> destination = nodes.Get (4);
NetworkRedundancy redundancyCalculator (node, destination, interfaces);
redundancyCalculator.CalculateRedundancy ();
Simulator::Run ();
Simulator::Destroy ();
return 0;
}
Explanation
- Setup: The code sets up a network topology with 5 nodes, with all possible point-to-point links between them.
- NetworkRedundancy Class: This class is used to calculate the redundancy in the network by finding all paths between a source node and a destination node.
- DFS (Depth-First Search): The DFS function is used to find all paths from the source node to the destination node.
- CalculateRedundancy: This method calculates and prints the number of redundant paths between the source node and the destination node.
Running the Simulation
Compile and run the simulation using the following commands in ns3 environment:
./waf configure
./waf build
./waf –run your-script-name
Replace your-script-name with the actual name of the script file.
The calculation of network redundancy is clearly explained in the above steps which uses multiple paths for communication and the DFS function is used to find all paths from the source node to destination node.
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