To calculate Network segmentation in ns3, we need to measure metrics such as throughput, latency, and packet loss within and between segments. This measuring can be done by dividing a network into smaller segments or subnets to control and manage traffic in a more efficient manner. The following steps guide on how to calculate the Network segmentation in ns3.
Step-by-step to Simulate and Calculate Network Segmentation in ns3
- Set Up the NS3 Environment:
- Make sure ns3 is installed.
- Define the Network Topology:
- Create a network topology with multiple segments or subnets.
- Configure Routing and Segmentation:
- Configure routing protocols and set up network segmentation using different IP subnets.
- Install Applications:
- Install traffic-generating applications on the nodes to simulate network traffic within and between segments.
- Monitor Performance Metrics:
- Use trace sources or callbacks to monitor performance metrics such as throughput, latency, and packet loss.
- Analyze Segmentation Performance:
- Calculate and log the performance metrics to evaluate the effectiveness of the network segmentation.
Example Code
Here an example script given on how to set up a simple ns3 simulation to calculate the performance of network segmentation by creating a network with two segments to measure the performances.
#include “ns3/core-module.h”
#include “ns3/network-module.h”
#include “ns3/internet-module.h”
#include “ns3/point-to-point-module.h”
#include “ns3/applications-module.h”
#include “ns3/flow-monitor-module.h”
using namespace ns3;
NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE (“NetworkSegmentationExample”);
void CalculateSegmentationPerformance (Ptr<FlowMonitor> flowMonitor, FlowMonitorHelper &flowHelper)
{
Ptr<Ipv4FlowClassifier> classifier = DynamicCast<Ipv4FlowClassifier> (flowHelper.GetClassifier ());
std::map<FlowId, FlowMonitor::FlowStats> stats = flowMonitor->GetFlowStats ();
double totalThroughput = 0.0;
double totalLatency = 0.0;
uint32_t totalPackets = 0;
uint32_t lostPackets = 0;
for (auto it = stats.begin (); it != stats.end (); ++it)
{
Ipv4FlowClassifier::FiveTuple t = classifier->FindFlow (it->first);
double throughput = it->second.rxBytes * 8.0 / (it->second.timeLastRxPacket.GetSeconds () – it->second.timeFirstTxPacket.GetSeconds ()) / 1024; // kbps
double latency = it->second.delaySum.GetSeconds () / it->second.rxPackets * 1000; // ms
uint32_t packets = it->second.rxPackets + it->second.lostPackets;
totalThroughput += throughput;
totalLatency += latency;
totalPackets += packets;
lostPackets += it->second.lostPackets;
}
double averageLatency = totalPackets > 0 ? totalLatency / stats.size () : 0;
double packetLoss = totalPackets > 0 ? (static_cast<double> (lostPackets) / totalPackets) * 100 : 0;
NS_LOG_UNCOND (“Total Throughput: ” << totalThroughput << ” kbps”);
NS_LOG_UNCOND (“Average Latency: ” << averageLatency << ” ms”);
NS_LOG_UNCOND (“Packet Loss: ” << packetLoss << ” %”);
}
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
CommandLine cmd;
cmd.Parse (argc, argv);
Time::SetResolution (Time::NS);
// Create nodes
NodeContainer segment1Nodes, segment2Nodes, routers;
segment1Nodes.Create (2);
segment2Nodes.Create (2);
routers.Create (2);
// Create point-to-point links within segments and between routers
PointToPointHelper pointToPoint;
pointToPoint.SetDeviceAttribute (“DataRate”, StringValue (“10Mbps”));
pointToPoint.SetChannelAttribute (“Delay”, StringValue (“2ms”));
NetDeviceContainer devices1 = pointToPoint.Install (NodeContainer (segment1Nodes.Get (0), routers.Get (0)));
NetDeviceContainer devices2 = pointToPoint.Install (NodeContainer (routers.Get (0), segment1Nodes.Get (1)));
NetDeviceContainer devices3 = pointToPoint.Install (NodeContainer (segment2Nodes.Get (0), routers.Get (1)));
NetDeviceContainer devices4 = pointToPoint.Install (NodeContainer (routers.Get (1), segment2Nodes.Get (1)));
NetDeviceContainer routerLink = pointToPoint.Install (NodeContainer (routers.Get (0), routers.Get (1)));
// Install the internet stack on nodes
InternetStackHelper stack;
stack.Install (segment1Nodes);
stack.Install (segment2Nodes);
stack.Install (routers);
// Assign IP addresses to the devices
Ipv4AddressHelper address;
address.SetBase (“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);
Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces1 = address.Assign (devices1);
address.NewNetwork ();
Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces2 = address.Assign (devices2);
address.SetBase (“10.1.2.0”, “255.255.255.0”);
Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces3 = address.Assign (devices3);
address.NewNetwork ();
Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces4 = address.Assign (devices4);
address.SetBase (“10.1.3.0”, “255.255.255.0”);
Ipv4InterfaceContainer routerInterfaces = address.Assign (routerLink);
// Enable routing
Ipv4GlobalRoutingHelper::PopulateRoutingTables ();
// Create UDP server on node 1 in segment 1
UdpServerHelper server (9);
ApplicationContainer serverApp = server.Install (segment1Nodes.Get (1));
serverApp.Start (Seconds (1.0));
serverApp.Stop (Seconds (10.0));
// Create UDP client on node 0 in segment 2
UdpClientHelper client (interfaces2.GetAddress (1), 9);
client.SetAttribute (“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue (320));
client.SetAttribute (“Interval”, TimeValue (MilliSeconds (10)));
client.SetAttribute (“PacketSize”, UintegerValue (1024));
ApplicationContainer clientApp = client.Install (segment2Nodes.Get (0));
clientApp.Start (Seconds (2.0));
clientApp.Stop (Seconds (10.0));
// Install flow monitor to capture performance metrics
FlowMonitorHelper flowHelper;
Ptr<FlowMonitor> flowMonitor = flowHelper.InstallAll ();
Simulator::Stop (Seconds (11.0));
Simulator::Run ();
CalculateSegmentationPerformance (flowMonitor, flowHelper);
Simulator::Destroy ();
return 0;
}
Explanation
- Setup: The code sets up a network topology with two segments, each containing two nodes. Two routers are used to connect the segments.
- Internet Stack and Routing: The internet stack is installed on all nodes, and global routing is enabled to allow traffic between segments.
- Applications: A UDP server is installed on node 1 in segment 1, and a UDP client is installed on node 0 in segment 2 to generate traffic between segments.
- Flow Monitor: The FlowMonitor is used to gather performance metrics like throughput, latency, and packet loss.
- CalculateSegmentationPerformance Function: This function calculates the total throughput, average latency, and packet loss, and logs these metrics to evaluate the performance of the network segmentation.
Running the Simulation
Compile and run the simulation using the following commands in ns3 environment:
./waf configure
./waf build
./waf –run your-script-name
Replace your-script-name with the actual name of the script file.
The calculation of network segmentation in ns3 is clearly explained above. By measuring the performance of the metrics like throughputs, latency, and packet loss within and between the segments we can calculate the network segmentation.
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