To implement a 4D Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) with massive users in ns3, we need to create a node in which that nodes are allowed to freely move in a four-dimensional space that includes time as the fourth dimension among the other three spatial dimensions. By setting this 4D we can study the performance of MANET protocols and applications in a dynamic environment with a large number of users.
The following step will guide on how to implement this 4D MANET in ns3.
Step-by-step guide to implement 4D MANET:
Step 1: Install ns3
Make sure ns3 is installed on the system.
Step 2: Set Up the Simulation Environment
Create a new simulation script or modify an existing one. This script will define the network topology, nodes, mobility models, and communication protocols.
Step 3: Define Network Topology
In network topology focus on the 4D environment (space and time) creation by creating andd defining the nodes. Here we have provide the example for setting up a basic MANET that incorporates time dynamics, with a large number of nodes in a 3D space.
#include “ns3/core-module.h”
#include “ns3/network-module.h”
#include “ns3/internet-module.h”
#include “ns3/mobility-module.h”
#include “ns3/olsr-helper.h”
#include “ns3/applications-module.h”
#include “ns3/flow-monitor-module.h”
using namespace ns3;
NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE (“FourDManetExample”);
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
// Enable logging
LogComponentEnable (“FourDManetExample”, LOG_LEVEL_INFO);
// Set the number of nodes
uint32_t numNodes = 100;
// Create nodes
NodeContainer nodes;
nodes.Create (numNodes);
// Set up wireless PHY and MAC layers
WifiHelper wifi;
wifi.SetStandard (WIFI_PHY_STANDARD_80211b);
YansWifiPhyHelper wifiPhy = YansWifiPhyHelper::Default ();
YansWifiChannelHelper wifiChannel = YansWifiChannelHelper::Default ();
wifiPhy.SetChannel (wifiChannel.Create ());
WifiMacHelper wifiMac;
wifiMac.SetType (“ns3::AdhocWifiMac”);
NetDeviceContainer devices;
devices = wifi.Install (wifiPhy, wifiMac, nodes);
// Install Internet stack
InternetStackHelper internet;
OlsrHelper olsr;
internet.SetRoutingHelper (olsr); // Enable OLSR routing protocol
internet.Install (nodes);
// Assign IP addresses
Ipv4AddressHelper address;
address.SetBase (“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);
Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign (devices);
// Set up 3D mobility model with time dynamics
MobilityHelper mobility;
mobility.SetPositionAllocator (“ns3::RandomBoxPositionAllocator”,
“X”,StringValue (“ns3::UniformRandomVariable[Min=0.0|Max=1000.0]”),
“Y”,StringValue (“ns3::UniformRandomVariable[Min=0.0|Max=1000.0]”),
“Z”, StringValue (“ns3::UniformRandomVariable[Min=0.0|Max=1000.0]”));
mobility.SetMobilityModel (“ns3::GaussMarkovMobilityModel”,
“Bounds”, BoxValue (Box (0, 1000, 0, 1000, 0, 1000)),
“TimeStep”, TimeValue (Seconds (0.5)),
“Alpha”, DoubleValue (0.85),
“MeanVelocity”,StringValue (“ns3::UniformRandomVariable[Min=0|Max=20]”),
“MeanDirection”,StringValue (“ns3::UniformRandomVariable[Min=0|Max=6.283185307]”),
“MeanPitch”,StringValue(“ns3::UniformRandomVariable[Min=-0.25|Max=0.25]”));
mobility.Install (nodes);
// Install and start applications on nodes
uint16_t port = 8080;
Address serverAddress (InetSocketAddress (interfaces.GetAddress (0), port));
UdpServerHelper server (port);
ApplicationContainer serverApps = server.Install (nodes.Get (0));
serverApps.Start (Seconds (1.0));
serverApps.Stop (Seconds (100.0));
UdpClientHelper client (serverAddress);
client.SetAttribute (“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue (10000));
client.SetAttribute (“Interval”, TimeValue (Seconds (0.01)));
client.SetAttribute (“PacketSize”, UintegerValue (1024));
ApplicationContainer clientApps = client.Install (nodes.Get (1));
clientApps.Start (Seconds (2.0));
clientApps.Stop (Seconds (100.0));
// Set up FlowMonitor
FlowMonitorHelper flowmon;
Ptr<FlowMonitor> monitor = flowmon.InstallAll ();
// Run the simulation
Simulator::Stop (Seconds (100.0));
Simulator::Run ();
// Print statistics
monitor->CheckForLostPackets ();
Ptr<Ipv4FlowClassifier>classifier=DynamicCast<Ipv4FlowClassifier> (flowmon.GetClassifier ());
std::map<FlowId, FlowMonitor::FlowStats> stats = monitor->GetFlowStats ();
for (std::map<FlowId, FlowMonitor::FlowStats>::const_iterator i = stats.begin (); i != stats.end (); ++i)
{
Ipv4FlowClassifier::FiveTuple t = classifier->FindFlow (i->first);
NS_LOG_UNCOND (“Flow ” << i->first << ” (” << t.sourceAddress << ” -> ” << t.destinationAddress << “)”);
NS_LOG_UNCOND (” Tx Packets: ” << i->second.txPackets);
NS_LOG_UNCOND (” Tx Bytes: ” << i->second.txBytes);
NS_LOG_UNCOND (” Rx Packets: ” << i->second.rxPackets);
NS_LOG_UNCOND (” Rx Bytes: ” << i->second.rxBytes);
NS_LOG_UNCOND (” Throughput: ” << i->second.rxBytes * 8.0 / (i->second.timeLastRxPacket.GetSeconds () – i->second.timeFirstTxPacket.GetSeconds ()) / 1024 / 1024 << ” Mbps”);
}
// Clean up
Simulator::Destroy ();
return 0;
}
Step 4: Set Up Mobility Models
In the example, the GaussMarkovMobilityModel is used for nodes to simulate 3D movement. This model provides a realistic movement pattern for mobile nodes. The parameters (bounds, time step, alpha, mean velocity, mean direction, and mean pitch) can be adjusted as needed.
Step 5: Set Up Traffic Generation
In the example, to generate traffic a UDP server is set up on node 0, and a UDP client is set up on node 1. And to simulate different types of communication the traffic configuration should be adjusted.
Step 6: Run the Simulation
To see the effect of 3D mobility and massive users on network performance we have to compile and run the simulation script. The output will include statistics such as the number of packets transmitted and received, throughput, and any packet loss.
Finally, we had discussed all the terms and logics involved in implementing the 4D MANET in a ns3 environment by setting up the fourth dimensions as time among the other three spatial dimensions and allowing the nodes to freely move in the four-dimensional space.
For any type of 4D MANET Massive Users implementation for your project you can contact us.