To implement end-to-end encryption in ns3, we need to simulate the encryption and decryption processes for the data being transmitted between nodes. As ns3 does not support encryption at the application layer, we need to create custom applications to handle encryption and decryption of data. Here is a step-by-step guide to implement end-to-end encryption in ns3.
Steps for implementation
Step 1: Set up the simulation
Make sure that ns3 is installed in the computer. If not, install it from the official ns3 website.
Step 2: Create a New Simulation Script
In the scratch directory of our ns3, we should create a simulation script. In our example, let’s create a file named end_to_end_encryption.cc.
Step 3: Include Necessary Headers
Include all the necessary ns3 headers in our script.
#include “ns3/core-module.h”
#include “ns3/network-module.h”
#include “ns3/internet-module.h”
#include “ns3/wifi-module.h”
#include “ns3/mobility-module.h”
#include “ns3/applications-module.h”
using namespace ns3;
Step 4: Define Encryption and Decryption Functions
Implement basic encryption and decryption functions. For example, we will use a simple XOR encryption. In a real scenario, we should use a more sophisticated encryption algorithm.
std::string EncryptData(const std::string &data, char key)
{
std::string encryptedData = data;
for (size_t i = 0; i < data.size(); ++i)
{
encryptedData[i] = data[i] ^ key;
}
return encryptedData;
}
std::string DecryptData(const std::string &data, char key)
{
return EncryptData(data, key); // XOR decryption is the same as encryption
}
Step 5: Create Custom Application for Encryption
Create a custom application to handle sending encrypted data and receiving and decrypting it.
class EncryptedApp : public Application
{
public:
EncryptedApp();
virtual ~EncryptedApp();
void Setup(Ptr<Socket> socket, Address address, uint32_t packetSize, uint32_t nPackets, DataRate dataRate, char key);
void SetKey(char key);
private:
virtual void StartApplication() override;
virtual void StopApplication() override;
void ScheduleTx();
void SendPacket();
void ReceivePacket(Ptr<Socket> socket);
Ptr<Socket> m_socket;
Address m_peer;
uint32_t m_packetSize;
uint32_t m_nPackets;
DataRate m_dataRate;
EventId m_sendEvent;
bool m_running;
uint32_t m_packetsSent;
char m_key; // Encryption key
};
EncryptedApp::EncryptedApp()
: m_socket(0),
m_peer(),
m_packetSize(0),
m_nPackets(0),
m_dataRate(0),
m_sendEvent(),
m_running(false),
m_packetsSent(0),
m_key(0)
{
}
EncryptedApp::~EncryptedApp()
{
m_socket = 0;
}
void EncryptedApp::Setup(Ptr<Socket> socket, Address address, uint32_t packetSize, uint32_t nPackets, DataRate dataRate, char key)
{
m_socket = socket;
m_peer = address;
m_packetSize = packetSize;
m_nPackets = nPackets;
m_dataRate = dataRate;
m_key = key;
}
void EncryptedApp::SetKey(char key)
{
m_key = key;
}
void EncryptedApp::StartApplication()
{
m_running = true;
m_packetsSent = 0;
m_socket->Bind();
m_socket->Connect(m_peer);
m_socket->SetRecvCallback(MakeCallback(&EncryptedApp::ReceivePacket, this));
SendPacket();
}
void EncryptedApp::StopApplication()
{
m_running = false;
if (m_sendEvent.IsRunning())
{
Simulator::Cancel(m_sendEvent);
}
if (m_socket)
{
m_socket->Close();
}
}
void EncryptedApp::SendPacket()
{
std::string data = “Hello, this is a test message.”;
std::string encryptedData = EncryptData(data, m_key);
Ptr<Packet> packet = Create<Packet>((uint8_t *)encryptedData.c_str(), encryptedData.size());
m_socket->Send(packet);
if (++m_packetsSent < m_nPackets)
{
ScheduleTx();
}
}
void EncryptedApp::ScheduleTx()
{
if (m_running)
{
Time tNext(Seconds(m_packetSize * 8 / static_cast<double>(m_dataRate.GetBitRate())));
m_sendEvent = Simulator::Schedule(tNext, &EncryptedApp::SendPacket, this);
}
}
void EncryptedApp::ReceivePacket(Ptr<Socket> socket)
{
Ptr<Packet> packet;
while ((packet = socket->Recv()))
{
uint8_t *buffer = new uint8_t[packet->GetSize()];
packet->CopyData(buffer, packet->GetSize());
std::string encryptedData((char *)buffer, packet->GetSize());
delete[] buffer;
std::string decryptedData = DecryptData(encryptedData, m_key);
NS_LOG_UNCOND(“Received and decrypted: ” << decryptedData);
}
}
Step 6: Integrate the Custom Application in Your Simulation
Instantiate the EncryptedApp application in your main simulation script and attach it to the nodes in your network.
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
CommandLine cmd;
cmd.Parse(argc, argv);
NodeContainer nodes;
nodes.Create(2);
WifiHelper wifi;
wifi.SetStandard(WIFI_STANDARD_80211g);
WifiMacHelper wifiMac;
wifiMac.SetType(“ns3::AdhocWifiMac”);
YansWifiPhyHelper wifiPhy = YansWifiPhyHelper::Default();
YansWifiChannelHelper wifiChannel = YansWifiChannelHelper::Default();
wifiPhy.SetChannel(wifiChannel.Create());
NetDeviceContainer devices = wifi.Install(wifiPhy, wifiMac, nodes);
MobilityHelper mobility;
mobility.SetMobilityModel(“ns3::ConstantPositionMobilityModel”);
mobility.Install(nodes);
InternetStackHelper stack;
stack.Install(nodes);
Ipv4AddressHelper address;
address.SetBase(“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);
Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign(devices);
uint16_t port = 9;
// Create a socket and setup encrypted application on the first node
Ptr<Socket> sourceSocket = Socket::CreateSocket(nodes.Get(0), TypeId::LookupByName(“ns3::UdpSocketFactory”));
Address sinkAddress(InetSocketAddress(interfaces.GetAddress(1), port));
Ptr<EncryptedApp> sourceApp = CreateObject<EncryptedApp>();
sourceApp->Setup(sourceSocket, sinkAddress, 1024, 100, DataRate(“1Mbps”), ‘K’);
nodes.Get(0)->AddApplication(sourceApp);
sourceApp->SetStartTime(Seconds(1.0));
sourceApp->SetStopTime(Seconds(10.0));
// Create a socket and setup encrypted application on the second node
Ptr<Socket> sinkSocket = Socket::CreateSocket(nodes.Get(1), TypeId::LookupByName(“ns3::UdpSocketFactory”));
Ptr<EncryptedApp> sinkApp = CreateObject<EncryptedApp>();
sinkApp->Setup(sinkSocket, InetSocketAddress(Ipv4Address::GetAny(), port), 1024, 100, DataRate(“1Mbps”), ‘K’);
nodes.Get(1)->AddApplication(sinkApp);
sinkSocket->Bind(InetSocketAddress(Ipv4Address::GetAny(), port));
sinkSocket->SetRecvCallback(MakeCallback(&EncryptedApp::ReceivePacket, sinkApp));
sinkApp->SetStartTime(Seconds(1.0));
sinkApp->SetStopTime(Seconds(10.0));
Simulator::Stop(Seconds(10.0));
Simulator::Run();
Simulator::Destroy();
return 0;
}
Step 7: Compile and Run Your Simulation
Compile your simulation script using waf:
./waf configure
./waf build
./waf –run scratch/end_to_end_encryption
Step 8: Analyze the Output
To ensure that data is being encrypted before transmission and decrypted upon reception, analyze the log output.
On the whole, we had a performance analysis on the implementation of end-to-end encryption using ns3 by simulating scenarios where different networks share the same frequency spectrum.
We excel in implementing top-notch End-to-End Encryption results using ns3simulation, simulating encryption and decryption processes between nodes. For optimal outcomes, reach out to ns3simulation.com. We specialize in all ns3tool projects and ensure project success.