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How to Implement Network Mobility Handoff Management in ns3

To implement the network mobility and handoff management in ns3 has encompasses to setup a network topology with mobile nodes, configure the mobility models, and using suitable modules to grip handoffs. The given below is the detailed procedure to implement network mobility and handoff management in ns3 tool:

Step-by-Step Implementation:

Step 1: Set Up the Simulation Environment

  • Make sure ns3 is installed in the system.

Step 2: Create the Network Topology

  • Generate the simple network topology using ns3 with multiple Wi-Fi Access Points (APs) and mobile nodes (STAs).

Step 3: Write the Script

  • The given below is the sample script on how to generate and configure a network topology in ns3 with mobility and handoff management:

#include “ns3/core-module.h”

#include “ns3/network-module.h”

#include “ns3/internet-module.h”

#include “ns3/point-to-point-module.h”

#include “ns3/wifi-module.h”

#include “ns3/mobility-module.h”

#include “ns3/applications-module.h”

#include “ns3/flow-monitor-helper.h”

Using namespace ns3;

NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE (“MobilityHandoffExample”);

int main (int argc, char *argv[])

{

CommandLine cmd;

cmd.Parse (argc, argv);

// Create nodes

NodeContainer wifiApNodes;

wifiApNodes.Create (2);

NodeContainer wifiStaNode;

wifiStaNode.Create (1);

// Set up Wi-Fi

YansWifiChannelHelper channel = YansWifiChannelHelper::Default ();

YansWifiPhyHelper phy = YansWifiPhyHelper::Default ();

phy.SetChannel (channel.Create ());

WifiHelper wifi;

wifi.SetRemoteStationManager (“ns3::AarfWifiManager”);

WifiMacHelper mac;

Ssid ssid1 = Ssid (“ns-3-ssid-1”);

Ssid ssid2 = Ssid (“ns-3-ssid-2”);

mac.SetType (“ns3::ApWifiMac”,

“Ssid”, SsidValue (ssid1));

NetDeviceContainer apDevices1 = wifi.Install (phy, mac, wifiApNodes.Get (0));

mac.SetType (“ns3::ApWifiMac”,

“Ssid”, SsidValue (ssid2));

NetDeviceContainer apDevices2 = wifi.Install (phy, mac, wifiApNodes.Get (1));

mac.SetType (“ns3::StaWifiMac”,

“Ssid”, SsidValue (ssid1),

“ActiveProbing”, BooleanValue (false));

NetDeviceContainer staDevices = wifi.Install (phy, mac, wifiStaNode);

// Install the Internet stack on the nodes

InternetStackHelper stack;

stack.Install (wifiApNodes);

stack.Install (wifiStaNode);

// Assign IP addresses to the devices

Ipv4AddressHelper address;

Ipv4InterfaceContainer apInterfaces1, apInterfaces2, staInterface;

address.SetBase (“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

apInterfaces1 = address.Assign (apDevices1);

address.SetBase (“10.1.2.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

apInterfaces2 = address.Assign (apDevices2);

staInterface = address.Assign (staDevices);

// Set up mobility model for APs (static)

MobilityHelper mobility;

Ptr<ListPositionAllocator> positionAlloc = CreateObject<ListPositionAllocator> ();

positionAlloc->Add (Vector (0.0, 0.0, 0.0)); // Position for AP1

positionAlloc->Add (Vector (10.0, 0.0, 0.0)); // Position for AP2

mobility.SetPositionAllocator (positionAlloc);

mobility.SetMobilityModel (“ns3::ConstantPositionMobilityModel”);

mobility.Install (wifiApNodes);

// Set up mobility model for STA (moving)

mobility.SetPositionAllocator (“ns3::GridPositionAllocator”,

“MinX”, DoubleValue (0.0),

“MinY”, DoubleValue (0.0),

“DeltaX”, DoubleValue (5.0),

“DeltaY”, DoubleValue (10.0),

“GridWidth”, UintegerValue (3),

“LayoutType”, StringValue (“RowFirst”));

mobility.SetMobilityModel (“ns3::RandomWalk2dMobilityModel”,

“Bounds”, RectangleValue (Rectangle (-50, 50, -25, 25)));

mobility.Install (wifiStaNode);

// Set up applications

UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer (9);

ApplicationContainer serverApps = echoServer.Install (wifiApNodes.Get (0));

serverApps.Start (Seconds (1.0));

serverApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));

UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient (apInterfaces1.GetAddress (0), 9);

echoClient.SetAttribute (“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue (100));

echoClient.SetAttribute (“Interval”, TimeValue (Seconds (0.1)));

echoClient.SetAttribute (“PacketSize”, UintegerValue (1024));

ApplicationContainer clientApps = echoClient.Install (wifiStaNode);

clientApps.Start (Seconds (2.0));

clientApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));

// Enable Flow Monitor

FlowMonitorHelper flowmon;

Ptr<FlowMonitor> monitor = flowmon.InstallAll ();

// Run simulation

Simulator::Stop (Seconds (10.0));

Simulator::Run ();

// Print statistics

monitor->CheckForLostPackets ();

Ptr<Ipv4FlowClassifier>classifier=DynamicCast<Ipv4FlowClassifier>(flowmon.GetClassifier ());

std::map<FlowId, FlowMonitor::FlowStats> stats = monitor->GetFlowStats ();

for (std::map<FlowId, FlowMonitor::FlowStats>::const_iterator i = stats.begin (); i != stats.end (); ++i)

{

Ipv4FlowClassifier::FiveTuple t = classifier->FindFlow (i->first);

std::cout << “Flow ID: ” << i->first << ” Src Addr ” << t.sourceAddress << ” Dst Addr ” << t.destinationAddress << std::endl;

std::cout << “Tx Packets = ” << i->second.txPackets << std::endl;

std::cout << “Rx Packets = ” << i->second.rxPackets << std::endl;

std::cout << “Throughput: ” << i->second.rxBytes * 8.0 / (i->second.timeLastRxPacket.GetSeconds () – i->second.timeFirstTxPacket.GetSeconds ()) / 1024 / 1024 << ” Mbps” << std::endl;

std::cout << “Delay: ” << i->second.delaySum.GetSeconds() / i->second.rxPackets << ” s” << std::endl;

std::cout << “Packet Loss Ratio: ” << (i->second.txPackets – i->second.rxPackets) / static_cast<double>(i->second.txPackets) << std::endl;

}

Simulator::Destroy ();

return 0;

}

Explanation:

  1. Create Nodes:
    • Create Wi-Fi AP nodes and a STA node.
  1. Configure Wi-Fi:
    • Set up the Wi-Fi PHY and MAC layers.
    • Create Wi-Fi APs and a STA.
  1. Install Internet Stack:
    • Install the Internet stack on all nodes.
  1. Assign IP Addresses:
    • Assign IP addresses to the Wi-Fi interfaces.
  1. Set Up Mobility Models:
    • Set up a constant position for the APs.
    • Set up a random walk mobility model for the STA to simulate movement and handoff.
  1. Set Up Applications:
    • Create a UDP Echo server on one AP.
    • Create a UDP Echo client on the STA.
  1. Enable Flow Monitor:
    • Install Flow Monitor to collect performance metrics.
  1. Run Simulation:
    • Run the simulation and print the collected statistics.

Step 4: Compile and Run the Script

  1. Save the script as mobility-handoff-example.cc in the scratch directory of your ns-3 installation.
  2. Compile the script using the following commands:

./waf configure

./waf build

./waf –run mobility-handoff-example

Step 5: Analyse the Results

  • After running the simulation, the script will output performance metrics such as the number of transmitted and received packets, delay, throughput, and packet loss ratio. Further we need to analyse this data to understand the impact of mobility and handoff on network performance.

As we discussed earlier about the sample scripts that demonstrates how to setup basic implementation for Network Mobility Handoff Management and also we learn how to create the topology with multiple Wi-Fi Access Points (APs) and mobile nodes (STAs). We further provide the elaborated details about Network Mobility Handoff Management.

Project implementation are carried out by us for your project we have the necessary tools and resources to carry out in Network Mobility Handoff Management .