How to Implement Network Pilot Contamination in ns3

To implement the network pilot contamination in ns3 has need to simulate the topology where the signals from multiple cells interfere with each other that triggering ruin in channel estimation. Massive MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) model is utilized in the cellular networks. The given below is the detailed procedure on how to implement the network pilot contamination in ns3:

Step-by-Step Implementation:

Step 1: Install ns3

Make sure the ns3 is installed in the computer.

Step 2: Set Up the Simulation Environment

Create a new simulation script or modify an existing one. This script will define the network topology, nodes, and communication channels.

Step 3: Define Network Topology

Create nodes and define the network topology, focusing on multiple cells with overlapping coverage areas.

#include “ns3/core-module.h”

#include “ns3/network-module.h”

#include “ns3/internet-module.h”

#include “ns3/wifi-module.h”

#include “ns3/mobility-module.h”

#include “ns3/applications-module.h”

#include “ns3/flow-monitor-module.h”

using namespace ns3;

NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE (“NetworkPilotContamination”);

int main (int argc, char *argv[])

{

// Log component

LogComponentEnable (“NetworkPilotContamination”, LOG_LEVEL_INFO);

// Create nodes

NodeContainer ueNodes;

ueNodes.Create (20); // Example with 20 user equipment nodes

NodeContainer enbNodes;

enbNodes.Create (3); // Example with 3 eNodeB nodes (base stations)

// Set up LTE and EPC (Evolved Packet Core)

Ptr<LteHelper> lteHelper = CreateObject<LteHelper> ();

Ptr<PointToPointEpcHelper> epcHelper = CreateObject<PointToPointEpcHelper> ();

lteHelper->SetEpcHelper (epcHelper);

// Install LTE Devices to the nodes

NetDeviceContainer enbLteDevs = lteHelper->InstallEnbDevice (enbNodes);

NetDeviceContainer ueLteDevs = lteHelper->InstallUeDevice (ueNodes);

// Install the IP stack on the UEs

InternetStackHelper internet;

internet.Install (ueNodes);

// Assign IP addresses to UEs

Ipv4InterfaceContainer ueIpIface;

ueIpIface = epcHelper->AssignUeIpv4Address (NetDeviceContainer (ueLteDevs));

// Attach all UEs to the first eNodeB

for (uint32_t i = 0; i < ueNodes.GetN (); i++)

{

lteHelper->Attach (ueLteDevs.Get (i), enbLteDevs.Get (0));

}

// Set mobility model

MobilityHelper mobility;

mobility.SetMobilityModel (“ns3::ConstantPositionMobilityModel”);

mobility.Install (ueNodes);

mobility.Install (enbNodes);

// Set positions of eNodeBs

Ptr<ListPositionAllocator> positionAlloc = CreateObject<ListPositionAllocator> ();

positionAlloc->Add (Vector (0.0, 0.0, 0.0));

positionAlloc->Add (Vector (500.0, 0.0, 0.0));

positionAlloc->Add (Vector (250.0, 500.0, 0.0));

mobility.SetPositionAllocator (positionAlloc);

mobility.Install (enbNodes);

// Install and start applications on UEs and remote host

uint16_t dlPort = 1234;

ApplicationContainer clientApps;

ApplicationContainer serverApps;

UdpClientHelper dlClient (ueIpIface.GetAddress (0), dlPort);

dlClient.SetAttribute (“Interval”, TimeValue (MilliSeconds (10)));

dlClient.SetAttribute (“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue (1000000));

clientApps.Add (dlClient.Install (ueNodes.Get (0)));

PacketSinkHelper dlPacketSinkHelper (“ns3::UdpSocketFactory”, InetSocketAddress (Ipv4Address::GetAny (), dlPort));

serverApps.Add (dlPacketSinkHelper.Install (ueNodes.Get (0)));

serverApps.Start (Seconds (0.01));

clientApps.Start (Seconds (0.01));

// Set up FlowMonitor

FlowMonitorHelper flowmon;

Ptr<FlowMonitor> monitor = flowmon.InstallAll ();

// Set up the simulation

Simulator::Stop (Seconds (10.0));

Simulator::Run ();

// Print statistics

monitor->CheckForLostPackets ();

Ptr<Ipv4FlowClassifier>classifier=DynamicCast<Ipv4FlowClassifier>(flowmon.GetClassifier ());

std::map<FlowId, FlowMonitor::FlowStats> stats = monitor->GetFlowStats ();

for (std::map<FlowId, FlowMonitor::FlowStats>::const_iterator i = stats.begin (); i != stats.end (); ++i)

{

Ipv4FlowClassifier::FiveTuple t = classifier->FindFlow (i->first);

NS_LOG_UNCOND (“Flow” << i->first << ” (” << t.sourceAddress << ” -> ” << t.destinationAddress << “)”);

NS_LOG_UNCOND (” Tx Packets:” << i->second.txPackets);

NS_LOG_UNCOND (” Tx Bytes:” << i->second.txBytes);

NS_LOG_UNCOND (” Rx Packets:” << i->second.rxPackets);

NS_LOG_UNCOND (” Rx Bytes:   ” << i->second.rxBytes);

NS_LOG_UNCOND (” Throughput: ” << i->second.rxBytes * 8.0 / 9.0 / 1024 / 1024  << ” Mbps”);

}

Simulator::Destroy ();

return 0;

}

 

 

Step 4: Implement Pilot Contamination

Pilot contamination can be emulated by having overlapping cells with the same pilot sequences. To design this in ns3, configure the cells (eNodeBs) to use the same pilot sequences and then investigate the interference produced by this overlap.

4.1 Configure Pilot Sequences

To mimic pilot contamination, we need to configure the eNodeBs to use the same pilot sequences. In an actual implementation, this might contains to setting the same physical resource blocks (PRBs) or pilot signals. ns3 doesn’t have a direct API for pilot contamination, so we need to simulate the effect by configuring overlapping cells and examining the interference.

4.2 Measure Interference

Use ns3’s tracing and logging capabilities to estimate the interference produced by pilot contamination. we use the PHY layer metrics and trace files to consider the impact.

Step 5: Monitor and Analyse Performance

Use FlowMonitor and other tracing mechanisms to monitor and analyze the performance metrics:

// Set up FlowMonitor

FlowMonitorHelper flowmon;

Ptr<FlowMonitor> monitor = flowmon.InstallAll ();

// Set up the simulation

Simulator::Stop (Seconds (10.0));

Simulator::Run ();

// Print statistics

monitor->CheckForLostPackets ();

Ptr<Ipv4FlowClassifier> classifier = DynamicCast<Ipv4FlowClassifier> (flowmon.GetClassifier ());

std::map<FlowId, FlowMonitor::FlowStats> stats = monitor->GetFlowStats ();

for (std::map<FlowId, FlowMonitor::FlowStats>::const_iterator i = stats.begin (); i != stats.end (); ++i)

{

Ipv4FlowClassifier::FiveTuple t = classifier->FindFlow (i->first);

NS_LOG_UNCOND (“Flow ” << i->first << ” (” << t.sourceAddress << ” -> ” << t.destinationAddress << “)”);

NS_LOG_UNCOND (”  Tx Packets: ” << i->second.txPackets);

NS_LOG_UNCOND (”  Tx Bytes:   ” << i->second.txBytes);

NS_LOG_UNCOND (”  Rx Packets: ” << i->second.rxPackets);

NS_LOG_UNCOND (”  Rx Bytes:   ” << i->second.rxBytes);

NS_LOG_UNCOND (”  Throughput: ” << i->second.rxBytes * 8.0 / 9.0 / 1024 / 1024  << ” Mbps”);

}

Step 6: Run the Simulation

Compile and run your simulation script to see the effect of pilot contamination on network performance.

Overall, we had understood the network pilot contamination will concentrate on multiple cells with overlapping coverage areas that were implemented using ns3 framework. Further details regarding the implementation of the network pilot contamination in diverse simulations will be provided.

We provide a range of project ideas and performance analysis specifically focused on Network Pilot Contamination within the ns3 tool. Our team is dedicated to sharing detailed project ideas and executing them effectively. By utilizing the MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) model, we ensure the best implementation results for current network criteria and historical data projects in ns3tool.