How to Implement Network Traffic balancing in ns3

To implement the network traffic balancing in ns3 has encompasses to generate the network emulation and that can allocate the traffic among multiple paths to avoid the congestion and enhance the network performance. This is completed by numerous routing strategies like equal-cost multi-path (ECMP) routing or by enthusiastically regulating the routes based on current network criteria.

The given below are the procedures to implement the network traffic balancing in ns3 tool:

Step-by-Step Implementation:

Step 1: Setup ns3 Environment

Make certain ns3 is installed in the system.

Step 2: Include Necessary Modules

Include the necessary ns3 modules in your script:

#include “ns3/core-module.h”

#include “ns3/network-module.h”

#include “ns3/internet-module.h”

#include “ns3/point-to-point-module.h”

#include “ns3/applications-module.h”

#include “ns3/flow-monitor-module.h”

#include “ns3/ipv4-global-routing-helper.h”

Step 3: Create the Simulation Script

1. Setup Nodes and Network:

using namespace ns3;

NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE (“TrafficBalancing”);

void MonitorTraffic (Ptr<Ipv4FlowClassifier> classifier, Ptr<FlowMonitor> monitor)

{

std::map<FlowId, FlowMonitor::FlowStats> stats = monitor->GetFlowStats();

for (std::map<FlowId, FlowMonitor::FlowStats>::const_iterator i = stats.begin (); i != stats.end (); ++i)

{

Ipv4FlowClassifier::FiveTuple t = classifier->FindFlow (i->first);

NS_LOG_UNCOND (“Flow ” << i->first << ” (” << t.sourceAddress << ” -> ” << t.destinationAddress << “)\n”

<< ” Tx Bytes:   ” << i->second.txBytes << “\n”

<< ” Rx Bytes:   ” << i->second.rxBytes << “\n”

<< ”  Throughput: ” << i->second.rxBytes * 8.0 / (i->second.timeLastRxPacket.GetSeconds() – i->second.timeFirstTxPacket.GetSeconds()) / 1024 / 1024 << ” Mbps”);

}

Simulator::Schedule (Seconds (1.0), &MonitorTraffic, classifier, monitor);

}

int main (int argc, char *argv[])

{

CommandLine cmd;

cmd.Parse (argc, argv);

// Create nodes

NodeContainer nodes;

nodes.Create (6);

// Create point-to-point links

PointToPointHelper pointToPoint;

pointToPoint.SetDeviceAttribute (“DataRate”, StringValue (“10Mbps”));

pointToPoint.SetChannelAttribute (“Delay”, StringValue (“2ms”));

NetDeviceContainer devices;

devices = pointToPoint.Install (nodes.Get (0), nodes.Get (1));

devices = pointToPoint.Install (nodes.Get (1), nodes.Get (2));

devices = pointToPoint.Install (nodes.Get (1), nodes.Get (3));

devices = pointToPoint.Install (nodes.Get (2), nodes.Get (4));

devices = pointToPoint.Install (nodes.Get (3), nodes.Get (4));

devices = pointToPoint.Install (nodes.Get (4), nodes.Get (5));

// Install Internet stack

InternetStackHelper stack;

stack.Install (nodes);

// Assign IP addresses

Ipv4AddressHelper address;

address.SetBase (“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign (devices);

// Set up applications

uint16_t port = 9;  // Discard port (RFC 863)

// Server application on node 5

Address serverAddress (InetSocketAddress (Ipv4Address::GetAny (), port));

PacketSinkHelper packetSinkHelper (“ns3::UdpSocketFactory”, serverAddress);

ApplicationContainer sinkApps = packetSinkHelper.Install (nodes.Get (5));

sinkApps.Start (Seconds (1.0));

sinkApps.Stop (Seconds (20.0));

// Client application on node 0

OnOffHelper onoff (“ns3::UdpSocketFactory”, Address (InetSocketAddress (interfaces.GetAddress (5), port)));

onoff.SetConstantRate (DataRate (“1Mbps”));

ApplicationContainer apps = onoff.Install (nodes.Get (0));

apps.Start (Seconds (2.0));

apps.Stop (Seconds (20.0));

// Flow monitor

FlowMonitorHelper flowmon;

Ptr<FlowMonitor> monitor = flowmon.InstallAll ();

// Schedule traffic monitoring

Ptr<Ipv4FlowClassifier> classifier = DynamicCast<Ipv4FlowClassifier> (flowmon.GetClassifier ());

Simulator::Schedule (Seconds (1.0), &MonitorTraffic, classifier, monitor);

Simulator::Stop (Seconds (20.0));

Simulator::Run ();

Simulator::Destroy ();

return 0;

}

Step 4: Run the Simulation

Compile and run your simulation script:

sh

./waf configure

./waf build

./waf –run TrafficBalancing

Explanation

• Node Creation: Create nodes representing different devices in the network.
• Point-to-Point Links: Configure point-to-point links between nodes.
• Internet Stack: Install the Internet stack on all nodes.
• IP Configuration: Assign IP addresses to the nodes.
• Applications: Use OnOffApplication and PacketSink to simulate traffic between nodes.
• Flow Monitor: Use the flow monitor to collect traffic data and schedule the MonitorTraffic function to log traffic statistics periodically.

Advanced Traffic Balancing Techniques

1. Dynamic Routing Updates:

Implement logic to update routing tables based on traffic conditions.

void UpdateRouting (Ptr<Ipv4> ipv4)

{

Ipv4StaticRoutingHelper staticRoutingHelper;

Ptr<Ipv4StaticRouting> staticRouting = staticRoutingHelper.GetStaticRouting (ipv4);

// Example: change route based on traffic conditions

staticRouting->RemoveRoute (1); // Remove old route

staticRouting->AddNetworkRouteTo (Ipv4Address (“10.1.1.0”), Ipv4Mask (“255.255.255.0”), Ipv4Address (“10.1.1.2”), 1); // Add new route

}

void MonitorTrafficAndUpdateRouting (Ptr<Ipv4FlowClassifier> classifier, Ptr<FlowMonitor> monitor, Ptr<Node> node)

{

std::map<FlowId, FlowMonitor::FlowStats> stats = monitor->GetFlowStats();

for (std::map<FlowId, FlowMonitor::FlowStats>::const_iterator i = stats.begin (); i != stats.end (); ++i)

{

Ipv4FlowClassifier::FiveTuple t = classifier->FindFlow (i->first);

NS_LOG_UNCOND (“Flow ” << i->first << ” (” << t.sourceAddress << ” -> ” << t.destinationAddress << “)\n”

<< ”  Tx Bytes:   ” << i->second.txBytes << “\n”

<< ”  Rx Bytes:   ” << i->second.rxBytes << “\n”

<< ”  Throughput: ” << i->second.rxBytes * 8.0 / (i->second.timeLastRxPacket.GetSeconds() – i->second.timeFirstTxPacket.GetSeconds()) / 1024 / 1024 << ” Mbps”);

// Example condition to trigger routing update

if (i->second.rxBytes * 8.0 / (i->second.timeLastRxPacket.GetSeconds() – i->second.timeFirstTxPacket.GetSeconds()) / 1024 / 1024 > 1.0)

{

UpdateRouting (node->GetObject<Ipv4> ());

}

}

Simulator::Schedule (Seconds (1.0), &MonitorTrafficAndUpdateRouting, classifier, monitor, node);

}

// In main function, replace MonitorTraffic with MonitorTrafficAndUpdateRouting

Simulator::Schedule (Seconds (1.0), &MonitorTrafficAndUpdateRouting, classifier, monitor, nodes.Get (1));

1. Quality of Service (QoS):

Implement QoS to prioritize traffic and manage congestion.

TrafficControlHelper tch;

tch.SetRootQueueDisc (“ns3::FqCoDelQueueDisc”);

tch.Install (devices);

// In main function, enable QoS

tch.Install (devices);

1. Load Balancing:

Implement load balancing to distribute traffic evenly across multiple paths.

void LoadBalancing (Ptr<Node> node)

{

Ipv4StaticRoutingHelper staticRoutingHelper;

Ptr<Ipv4StaticRouting> staticRouting = staticRoutingHelper.GetStaticRouting (node->GetObject<Ipv4> ());

// Implement load balancing logic here

staticRouting->RemoveRoute (1);

staticRouting->AddNetworkRouteTo (Ipv4Address (“10.1.1.0”), Ipv4Mask (“255.255.255.0”), Ipv4Address (“10.1.1.3”), 1);

}

// In main function, schedule load balancing

Simulator::Schedule (Seconds (5.0), &LoadBalancing, nodes.Get (1));

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In the end, we know to allocate and avoid the congestion and enhance the network performance among the multiple paths in the traffic scenarios that were executed and evaluated using the ns3 tool. We will plan to offer the valuable insights regarding the network traffic balancing.

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