To implement the protocol optimization in ns3, we need to include the modifying existing network protocols to enhance their performance based on particular conditions like decreasing the latency, increasing throughput, or enhancing reliability. This will offer the procedure on how to implement and evaluating a protocol optimization in ns3.

Step-by-Step Implementation:

Step 1: Set Up ns3 Environment

1. Download ns3: Install ns3.
2. Install ns3: Follow the installation instructions for your operating system.
3. Familiarize with ns3 basics: Understand how to create nodes, set up channels, and run basic simulations.

Step 2: Identify the Protocol to Optimize

We need to select the protocol within ns3 tool and to improve. In this instance, we first enhance the AODV (Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector) routing protocol by modifying its parameters to optimize the performance in a mobile ad hoc network (MANET).

Step 3: Modify Protocol Parameters

Identify the parameters in the AODV protocol that can be optimized. Common parameters contain route request (RREQ) intervals, route timeout values, and hello intervals. Here, we will modify the hello interval to see its effect on the protocol performance.

Step 4: Create a Custom AODV Protocol

To modify the AODV protocol, we need to generate a custom version of it. This contains the editing the ns3 source code or generating a new module.

1. Copy the AODV module:
   • Locate the AODV module in the ns3 source directory (e.g., src/aodv).
   • Copy the entire aodv directory to a new directory (e.g., src/my_aodv).
2. Modify the Custom AODV Protocol:
   • In the copied module, open the aodv-routing-protocol.cc file.
   • Modify the m_helloInterval parameter in the AodvRoutingProtocol class.

// In src/my_aodv/model/aodv-routing-protocol.cc

AodvRoutingProtocol::AodvRoutingProtocol ()

{

m_helloInterval = Seconds (1.0); // Original hello interval

// Change the hello interval to optimize performance

m_helloInterval = Seconds (0.5); // New hello interval

}

1. Update the Module Name:
   • Rename the module and update the wscript and module.h files to reflect the new module name.

Step 5: Integrate the Custom Protocol

1. Compile the Custom Protocol:
   • Update the wscript file in the ns-3 root directory to include the new module.
   • Compile ns-3 to ensure the custom protocol is integrated.

# In wscript

def build(bld):

…

bld.recurse(‘src/my_aodv’)

Use the Custom Protocol in a Simulation:

• Create a simulation script that uses the custom AODV protocol.

#include “ns3/core-module.h”

#include “ns3/network-module.h”

#include “ns3/internet-module.h”

#include “ns3/point-to-point-module.h”

#include “ns3/applications-module.h”

#include “ns3/mobility-module.h”

#include “ns3/my_aodv-module.h”

using namespace ns3;

NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE(“ProtocolOptimizationExample”);

int main(int argc, char *argv[])

{

CommandLine cmd;

cmd.Parse(argc, argv);

// Create nodes

NodeContainer nodes;

nodes.Create(10);

// Create point-to-point links

PointToPointHelper pointToPoint;

pointToPoint.SetDeviceAttribute(“DataRate”, StringValue(“5Mbps”));

pointToPoint.SetChannelAttribute(“Delay”, StringValue(“2ms”));

NetDeviceContainer devices;

for (uint32_t i = 0; i < nodes.GetN() – 1; ++i)

{

devices.Add(pointToPoint.Install(nodes.Get(i), nodes.Get(i + 1)));

}

// Install internet stack with custom AODV

InternetStackHelper stack;

MyAodvHelper myAodv;

stack.SetRoutingHelper(myAodv);

stack.Install(nodes);

// Assign IP addresses

Ipv4AddressHelper address;

address.SetBase(“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign(devices);

// Install applications

uint16_t port = 9;

UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer(port);

ApplicationContainer serverApps = echoServer.Install(nodes.Get(9));

serverApps.Start(Seconds(1.0));

serverApps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient(interfaces.GetAddress(9), port);

echoClient.SetAttribute(“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue(10));

echoClient.SetAttribute(“Interval”, TimeValue(Seconds(1.0)));

echoClient.SetAttribute(“PacketSize”, UintegerValue(1024));

ApplicationContainer clientApps = echoClient.Install(nodes.Get(0));

clientApps.Start(Seconds(2.0));

clientApps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

Simulator::Run();

Simulator::Destroy();

return 0;

}

Step 6: Evaluate the Performance

1. Run the Simulation:
   • Execute the simulation script and observe the performance metrics (e.g., latency, throughput).
2. Analyses the Results:
   • Compare the performance of the custom AODV protocol with the original version.
   • Use tools like FlowMonitor to collect and analyse performance data.

In the conclusion, we clearly discussed about the protocol optimization and how the protocol optimization model will perform in ns3 scenarios that were explained here.

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