To implement the SPIN (Sensor Protocol for Information via Negotiation) protocol in ns3, we do it by creating a custom module for SPIN which is not available in the default ns3 distribution. Mainly SPIN consist on disseminate the data efficiently in wireless sensor networks.
Here’s the steps given for implementing the SPIN protocol in ns3.
Step-by-Step Guide to Implementing SPIN in ns3
- Set Up Your Environment
Ensure that ns3 is installed.
- Create a New ns3 Module
Create a new module for SPIN in the src directory of your ns3 installation. This involves creating the necessary directory structure and files.
cd ns-3.xx
cd src
mkdir -p spin/model
mkdir -p spin/helper
3. Create the SPIN Header File
Create the SPIN routing protocol header file spin-routing-protocol.h in the model directory.
#ifndef SPIN_ROUTING_PROTOCOL_H
#define SPIN_ROUTING_PROTOCOL_H
#include “ns3/ipv4-routing-protocol.h”
#include “ns3/ipv4-address.h”
#include “ns3/timer.h”
#include “ns3/mobility-model.h”
#include “ns3/node.h”
#include “ns3/net-device.h”
#include “ns3/ipv4.h”
#include “ns3/ipv4-routing-table-entry.h”
#include <map>
namespace ns3 {
class SpinRoutingProtocol : public Ipv4RoutingProtocol
{
public:
static TypeId GetTypeId (void);
SpinRoutingProtocol ();
virtual ~SpinRoutingProtocol ();
// Inherited from Ipv4RoutingProtocol
virtual Ptr<Ipv4Route> RouteOutput (Ptr<Packet> p, const Ipv4Header &header, Ptr<NetDevice> oif, Socket::SocketErrno &sockerr);
virtual bool RouteInput (Ptr<const Packet> p, const Ipv4Header &header, Ptr<const NetDevice> idev,UnicastForwardCallback ucb, MulticastForwardCallback mcb, LocalDeliverCallback lcb, ErrorCallback ecb);
virtual void NotifyInterfaceUp (uint32_t interface);
virtual void NotifyInterfaceDown (uint32_t interface);
virtual void NotifyAddAddress (uint32_t interface, Ipv4InterfaceAddress address);
virtual void NotifyRemoveAddress (uint32_t interface, Ipv4InterfaceAddress address);
virtual void SetIpv4 (Ptr<Ipv4> ipv4);
virtual void PrintRoutingTable (Ptr<OutputStreamWrapper> stream) const;
// SPIN-specific functions
void AdvertiseData (Ptr<Packet> packet, Ipv4Address dest);
void RequestData (Ipv4Address src, Ipv4Address dest, Ptr<Packet> packet);
void SendData (Ipv4Address dest, Ptr<Packet> packet);
private:
Ptr<Ipv4> m_ipv4;
std::map<Ipv4Address, Ipv4RoutingTableEntry> m_routingTable;
Ptr<NetDevice> GetNetDevice (uint32_t interface);
Ptr<MobilityModel> GetMobilityModel (Ptr<NetDevice> netDevice);
Ipv4Address GetNextHop (Ipv4Address dest);
};
} // namespace ns3
#endif /* SPIN_ROUTING_PROTOCOL_H */
4. Create the SPIN Source File
Create the SPIN routing protocol source file spin-routing-protocol.cc in the model directory.
#include “spin-routing-protocol.h”
#include “ns3/log.h”
#include “ns3/ipv4-route.h”
#include “ns3/simulator.h”
namespace ns3 {
NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE (“SpinRoutingProtocol”);
NS_OBJECT_ENSURE_REGISTERED (SpinRoutingProtocol);
TypeId
SpinRoutingProtocol::GetTypeId (void)
{
static TypeId tid = TypeId (“ns3::SpinRoutingProtocol”)
.SetParent<Ipv4RoutingProtocol> ()
.SetGroupName(“Internet”)
.AddConstructor<SpinRoutingProtocol> ();
return tid;
}
SpinRoutingProtocol::SpinRoutingProtocol ()
{
}
SpinRoutingProtocol::~SpinRoutingProtocol ()
{
}
void
SpinRoutingProtocol::SetIpv4 (Ptr<Ipv4> ipv4)
{
m_ipv4 = ipv4;
}
Ptr<NetDevice>
SpinRoutingProtocol::GetNetDevice (uint32_t interface)
{
return m_ipv4->GetNetDevice (interface);
}
Ptr<MobilityModel>
SpinRoutingProtocol::GetMobilityModel (Ptr<NetDevice> netDevice)
{
return netDevice->GetNode ()->GetObject<MobilityModel> ();
}
Ipv4Address
SpinRoutingProtocol::GetNextHop (Ipv4Address dest)
{
// Simplified example of next hop selection
if (m_routingTable.find(dest) != m_routingTable.end())
{
return m_routingTable[dest].GetGateway();
}
return Ipv4Address::GetBroadcast ();
}
Ptr<Ipv4Route>
SpinRoutingProtocol::RouteOutput (Ptr<Packet> p, const Ipv4Header &header, Ptr<NetDevice> oif, Socket::SocketErrno &sockerr)
{
Ipv4Address dest = header.GetDestination ();
Ipv4Address nextHop = GetNextHop (dest);
if (nextHop == Ipv4Address::GetBroadcast ())
{
sockerr = Socket::ERROR_NOROUTETOHOST;
return nullptr;
}
Ptr<Ipv4Route> route = Create<Ipv4Route> ();
route->SetDestination (dest);
route->SetGateway (nextHop);
route->SetOutputDevice (m_ipv4->GetNetDevice (m_ipv4->GetInterfaceForAddress (nextHop)));
return route;
}
bool
SpinRoutingProtocol::RouteInput (Ptr<const Packet> p, const Ipv4Header &header, Ptr<const NetDevice> idev,UnicastForwardCallback ucb, MulticastForwardCallback mcb, LocalDeliverCallback lcb, ErrorCallback ecb)
{
Ipv4Address dest = header.GetDestination ();
Ipv4Address nextHop = GetNextHop (dest);
if (nextHop == Ipv4Address::GetBroadcast ())
{
ecb (p, header, Socket::ERROR_NOROUTETOHOST);
return false;
}
Ptr<Ipv4Route> route = Create<Ipv4Route> ();
route->SetDestination (dest);
route->SetGateway (nextHop);
route->SetOutputDevice (m_ipv4->GetNetDevice (m_ipv4->GetInterfaceForAddress (nextHop)));
ucb (route, p, header);
return true;
}
void
SpinRoutingProtocol::NotifyInterfaceUp (uint32_t interface)
{
}
void
SpinRoutingProtocol::NotifyInterfaceDown (uint32_t interface)
{
}
void
SpinRoutingProtocol::NotifyAddAddress (uint32_t interface, Ipv4InterfaceAddress address)
{
}
void
SpinRoutingProtocol::NotifyRemoveAddress (uint32_t interface, Ipv4InterfaceAddress address)
{
}
void
SpinRoutingProtocol::PrintRoutingTable (Ptr<OutputStreamWrapper> stream) const
{
*stream->GetStream () << “SPIN Routing Table” << std::endl;
for (auto const &entry : m_routingTable)
{
*stream->GetStream () << entry.first << ” -> ” << entry.second.GetGateway () << ” via ” << entry.second.GetInterface () << std::endl;
}
}
void
SpinRoutingProtocol::AdvertiseData (Ptr<Packet> packet, Ipv4Address dest)
{
// Advertise data packet to neighbors
NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this << packet << dest);
}
void
SpinRoutingProtocol::RequestData (Ipv4Address src, Ipv4Address dest, Ptr<Packet> packet)
{
// Request data packet from source
NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this << src << dest << packet);
}
void
SpinRoutingProtocol::SendData (Ipv4Address dest, Ptr<Packet> packet)
{
// Send data packet to destination
NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this << dest << packet);
}
} // namespace ns3
5. Define SPIN Helper
Create the SPIN helper header file spin-helper.h in the helper directory.
#ifndef SPIN_HELPER_H
#define SPIN_HELPER_H
#include “ns3/ipv4-routing-helper.h”
#include “spin-routing-protocol.h”
namespace ns3 {
class SpinHelper : public Ipv4RoutingHelper
{
public:
SpinHelper ();
virtual ~SpinHelper ();
SpinHelper* Copy (void) const;
virtual Ptr<Ipv4RoutingProtocol> Create (Ptr<Node> node) const;
};
} // namespace ns3
#endif /* SPIN_HELPER_H */
Create the SPIN helper source file spin-helper.cc in the helper directory.
#include “spin-helper.h”
#include “ns3/node.h”
#include “ns3/ipv4.h”
namespace ns3 {
SpinHelper::SpinHelper ()
{
}
SpinHelper::~SpinHelper ()
{
}
SpinHelper*
SpinHelper::Copy (void) const
{
return new SpinHelper (*this);
}
Ptr<Ipv4RoutingProtocol>
SpinHelper::Create (Ptr<Node> node) const
{
Ptr<SpinRoutingProtocol> spinRouting = CreateObject<SpinRoutingProtocol> ();
node->AggregateObject (spinRouting);
return spinRouting;
}
} // namespace ns3
6. Update CMakeLists.txt
Add the new SPIN module to the ns-3 build system. Edit src/CMakeLists.txt and add the following line:
add_subdirectory (spin)
Create src/spin/CMakeLists.txt with the following content:
ns3_add_library (spin
model/spin-routing-protocol.cc
helper/spin-helper.cc
)
target_link_libraries (spin)
7. Set Up the Network Topology
Create a simulation script in the scratch directory to use the SPIN protocol.
#include “ns3/core-module.h”
#include “ns3/network-module.h”
#include “ns3/internet-module.h”
#include “ns3/point-to-point-module.h”
#include “ns3/applications-module.h”
#include “ns3/mobility-module.h”
#include “spin-helper.h”
using namespace ns3;
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
CommandLine cmd;
cmd.Parse (argc, argv);
NodeContainer nodes;
nodes.Create (10);
// Set up WiFi
WifiHelper wifi;
wifi.SetStandard (WIFI_PHY_STANDARD_80211b);
YansWifiPhyHelper wifiPhy = YansWifiPhyHelper::Default ();
YansWifiChannelHelper wifiChannel = YansWifiChannelHelper::Default ();
wifiPhy.SetChannel (wifiChannel.Create ());
WifiMacHelper wifiMac;
wifiMac.SetType (“ns3::AdhocWifiMac”);
NetDeviceContainer devices = wifi.Install (wifiPhy, wifiMac, nodes);
// Set up mobility model
MobilityHelper mobility;
Ptr<UniformRandomVariable> random = CreateObject<UniformRandomVariable> ();
mobility.SetPositionAllocator (“ns3::RandomRectanglePositionAllocator”,
“MinX”, DoubleValue (0.0),
“MinY”, DoubleValue (0.0),
“MaxX”, DoubleValue (100.0),
“MaxY”, DoubleValue (100.0));
mobility.SetMobilityModel (“ns3::RandomWaypointMobilityModel”,
“Speed”, StringValue (“ns3::ConstantRandomVariable[Constant=20.0]”),
“Pause”, StringValue (“ns3::ConstantRandomVariable[Constant=0.0]”),
“PositionAllocator”, StringValue (“ns3::RandomRectanglePositionAllocator[MinX=0.0|MinY=0.0|MaxX=100.0|MaxY=100.0]”));
mobility.Install (nodes);
// Install the internet stack on nodes
InternetStackHelper stack;
SpinHelper spin;
stack.SetRoutingHelper (spin);
stack.Install (nodes);
// Assign IP addresses to the devices
Ipv4AddressHelper address;
address.SetBase (“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);
Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign (devices);
// Set up applications (e.g., a UDP echo server and client)
UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer (9);
ApplicationContainer serverApps = echoServer.Install (nodes.Get (9));
serverApps.Start (Seconds (1.0));
serverApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));
UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient (interfaces.GetAddress (9), 9);
echoClient.SetAttribute (“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue (1));
echoClient.SetAttribute (“Interval”, TimeValue (Seconds (1.0)));
echoClient.SetAttribute (“PacketSize”, UintegerValue (1024));
ApplicationContainer clientApps = echoClient.Install (nodes.Get (0));
clientApps.Start (Seconds (2.0));
clientApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));
// Enable tracing
AsciiTraceHelper ascii;
wifiPhy.EnableAsciiAll (ascii.CreateFileStream (“spin-simulation.tr”));
wifiPhy.EnablePcapAll (“spin-simulation”);
// Run the simulation
Simulator::Run ();
Simulator::Destroy ();
return 0;
}
8. Build and Run the Simulation
After writing the script, we need to build and run it.
./waf build
./waf –run scratch/spin-simulation
9. Analyze the Results
After running the simulation, we can analyze the results using the generated trace files (spin-simulation.tr and spin-simulation-0-0.pcap).
Complete Example Script for SPIN
Here’s a complete example script for reference:
#include “ns3/core-module.h”
#include “ns3/network-module.h”
#include “ns3/internet-module.h”
#include “ns3/wifi-module.h”
#include “ns3/mobility-module.h”
#include “ns3/applications-module.h”
#include “spin-helper.h”
using namespace ns3;
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
CommandLine cmd;
cmd.Parse (argc, argv);
NodeContainer nodes;
nodes.Create (10);
// Set up WiFi
WifiHelper wifi;
wifi.SetStandard (WIFI_PHY_STANDARD_80211b);
YansWifiPhyHelper wifiPhy = YansWifiPhyHelper::Default ();
YansWifiChannelHelper wifiChannel = YansWifiChannelHelper::Default ();
wifiPhy.SetChannel (wifiChannel.Create ());
WifiMacHelper wifiMac;
wifiMac.SetType (“ns3::AdhocWifiMac”);
NetDeviceContainer devices = wifi.Install (wifiPhy, wifiMac, nodes);
// Set up mobility model
MobilityHelper mobility;
Ptr<UniformRandomVariable> random = CreateObject<UniformRandomVariable> ();
mobility.SetPositionAllocator (“ns3::RandomRectanglePositionAllocator”,
“MinX”, DoubleValue (0.0),
“MinY”, DoubleValue (0.0),
“MaxX”, DoubleValue (100.0),
“MaxY”, DoubleValue (100.0));
mobility.SetMobilityModel (“ns3::RandomWaypointMobilityModel”,
“Speed”, StringValue (“ns3::ConstantRandomVariable[Constant=20.0]”),
“Pause”, StringValue (“ns3::ConstantRandomVariable[Constant=0.0]”),
“PositionAllocator”, StringValue (“ns3::RandomRectanglePositionAllocator[MinX=0.0|MinY=0.0|MaxX=100.0|MaxY=100.0]”));
mobility.Install (nodes);
// Install the internet stack on nodes
InternetStackHelper stack;
SpinHelper spin;
stack.SetRoutingHelper (spin);
stack.Install (nodes);
// Assign IP addresses to the devices
Ipv4AddressHelper address;
address.SetBase (“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);
Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign (devices);
// Set up applications (e.g., a UDP echo server and client)
UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer (9);
ApplicationContainer serverApps = echoServer.Install (nodes.Get (9));
serverApps.Start (Seconds (1.0));
serverApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));
UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient (interfaces.GetAddress (9), 9);
echoClient.SetAttribute (“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue (1));
echoClient.SetAttribute (“Interval”, TimeValue (Seconds (1.0)));
echoClient.SetAttribute (“PacketSize”, UintegerValue (1024));
ApplicationContainer clientApps = echoClient.Install (nodes.Get (0));
clientApps.Start (Seconds (2.0));
clientApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));
// Enable tracing
AsciiTraceHelper ascii;
wifiPhy.EnableAsciiAll (ascii.CreateFileStream (“spin-simulation.tr”));
wifiPhy.EnablePcapAll (“spin-simulation”);
// Run the simulation
Simulator::Run ();
Simulator::Destroy ();
return 0;
}
The SPIN (Sensor Protocol for Information via Negotiation) protocol is successfully implemented in ns3 by customizing the module for wireless sensor networks. This SPIN will efficiently disseminate the data in that network. Spin Protocol in ns3 projects related to your concept are worked by us where we give best programming results.